Association Between Soy Products and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

Overview

Journal Investig Clin Urol

Specialty Urology

Date 2024 Nov 6

PMID 39505513

Authors

Yiping Huang

Wenyan Wang

JianXiang Jin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: The effect of soy products on prostate cancer (PCA) remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between soy products consumption and the incidence of PCA.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2023. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association.

Results: A total of 22 articles, comprising 1,409,213 participants, were included for this meta-analysis. The results indicate that soy products reduce the risk of PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.91-0.97, p<0.001), especially in cases of localized or low-grade PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90-0.97, p<0.001), but exhibit no effect on non-localized or high-grade PCA (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.91-1.01, p=0.085). Furthermore, increased consumption frequency was negatively associated with PCA risk. Specifically, soy products can reduce the risk of PCA in African Americans (OR=0.89, p=0.006) and Latinos (OR=0.93, p=0.036), but have no impact on Japanese (OR=0.99, p=0.655), Chinese (OR=0.90, p=0.155), and Whites (OR=0.96, p=0.133). Non-fermented soy products were associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of PCA (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.90-0.96, p<0.001), while fermented soy products had no effect on the incidence rate of PCA (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.98-1.22, p=0.096).

Conclusions: The consumption of soy products can reduce the overall risk of PCA among men. Various factors, including soy products-related factors (e.g., consumption, frequency), population-related factors (e.g., race), and PCA-related factors (e.g., PCA stage) collectively influence the effect of soy products on PCA.

Citing Articles

Reduction of Prostate Cancer Risk: Role of Frequent Ejaculation-Associated Mechanisms.

Hassan M, Flanagan T, Eshaq A, Altamimi O, Altalag H, Alsharif M Cancers (Basel). 2025; 17(5).

PMID: 40075690 PMC: 11898507. DOI: 10.3390/cancers17050843.

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