Iron-sulfur Cluster-dependent Enzymes and Molybdenum-dependent Reductases in the Anaerobic Metabolism of Human Gut Microbes

Overview

Journal Metallomics

Publisher Oxford University Press

Date 2024 Nov 6

PMID 39504489

Authors

Leah E Zahn

Paige M Gannon

Lauren J Rajakovich

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Metalloenzymes play central roles in the anaerobic metabolism of human gut microbes. They facilitate redox and radical-based chemistry that enables microbial degradation and modification of various endogenous, dietary, and xenobiotic nutrients in the anoxic gut environment. In this review, we highlight major families of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster-dependent enzymes and molybdenum cofactor-containing enzymes used by human gut microbes. We describe the metabolic functions of 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratases, glycyl radical enzyme activating enzymes, Fe-S cluster-dependent flavoenzymes, U32 oxidases, and molybdenum-dependent reductases and catechol dehydroxylases in the human gut microbiota. We demonstrate the widespread distribution and prevalence of these metalloenzyme families across 5000 human gut microbial genomes. Lastly, we discuss opportunities for metalloenzyme discovery in the human gut microbiota to reveal new chemistry and biology in this important community.

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