Influence of Maternal Hyperglycemia on Placental Capillary Distribution

Overview

Journal Einstein (Sao Paulo)

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2024 Nov 6

PMID 39504088

Authors

Jusciele Brogin Moreli

Natalia Ferrari

Ana Maria Cirino Ruocco

Mariana Gomes de Oliveira Santos

Aline Rodrigues Lorenzon

Carla Patricia Carlos

Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudge

Iracema de Mattos Paranhos Calderon

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of placental villous vessels in pregnant women with different degrees of hyperglycemia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using placental samples from 30 pregnant women without diabetes (n=10), with gestational diabetes mellitus (n=10), and with previous diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diabetes; n=10). Maternal glycemic control was evaluated using the glycemic mean and glycated hemoglobin levels. Placental samples were obtained during elective cesarean sections and processed for villous vessel analysis using immunohistochemistry for Von Willebrand factor. Vessels within 10μm of the villus margin were classified as peripheral, and vessels at a distance greater than 10μm were classified as central. The number, area, and perimeter of all vessels were evaluated, and the relationship between vessel area and total area of placental villus was calculated.

Results: Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and those with previous diabetes had higher glycated hemoglobin levels. The number of vessels was reduced in the villi of the previous Diabetes Group owing to peripheral reduction. Additionally, the area, perimeter, and percentage of peripheral blood were lower in the previous Diabetes Group than in the Non-Diabetic Group.

Conclusion: Maternal glycemic levels can modify placental capillary distribution.

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