Humoral Immunity Profiling to Pandemic and Bat-Derived Coronavirus Variants: A Geographical Comparison

Overview

Journal Adv Sci (Weinh)

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Oct 29

PMID 39471070

Authors

Parinaz Fathi

Andrea Lucia Alfonso

Christina Yek

Zoe Putman

Matthew Drew

Dominic Esposito

Irfan Zaidi

Sophana Chea

Sokna Ly

Rathanak Sath

Chanthap Lon

Huch Chea

Rithea Leang

Rekol Huy

Sovann Ly

Heng Seng

Chee Wah Tan

Feng Zhu

Lin-Fa Wang

Fabiano Oliveira

Kaitlyn Sadtler

Jessica Manning

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Dynamic pathogen exposure may impact the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2). One potential explanation for the lack of severe SCV2-related morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia is prior exposure to related betacoronaviruses. Recent discoveries of SCV2-related betacoronaviruses from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia suggest the potential for bat-to-human spillover exposures in the region. In this work, serum antibodies to protein constructs from SCV2 and a representative bat coronavirus isolated in Cambodia (RshSTT182) are measured in pre-pandemic Cambodian human sera using ELISA assays. Of 293 Cambodian samples tested (N = 131 with acute malaria, n = 162 with acute undifferentiated febrile illness), 32 (10.9%) are seropositive for SCV2 based on established Spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) cutoffs. Within SCV2 seropositive samples, 16 (50%) have higher antibody levels to antigens from the representative virus RshSTT182 versus SCV2 antigens; competitive binding ELISA assays demonstrate inhibition of reactivity to SCV2 Spike after pre-incubation with RshSTT182 Spike. Surrogate virus neutralization tests demonstrate that 8/30 (26.7%) SCV2 ELISA positive pre-pandemic Cambodian samples have neutralizing activity against SCV2, while 14/30 (46.7%) have activity against other SCV2-related betacoronaviruses. These data suggest that exposure to related betacoronaviruses may elicit cross-reactive immunity to SCV2 prior to the global pandemic.

Citing Articles

Humoral Immunity Profiling to Pandemic and Bat-Derived Coronavirus Variants: A Geographical Comparison.

Fathi P, Alfonso A, Yek C, Putman Z, Drew M, Esposito D Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024; 12(1):e2403503.

PMID: 39471070 PMC: 11714182. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403503.

References

Yek C, Nam V, Leang R, Parker D, Heng S, Souv K . The Pandemic Experience in Southeast Asia: Interface Between SARS-CoV-2, Malaria, and Dengue. Front Trop Dis. 2022; 2. PMC: 8975143. DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.788590. View

Li B, Wang L, Ge H, Zhang X, Ren P, Guo Y . Identification of Potential Binding Sites of Sialic Acids on the RBD Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Front Chem. 2021; 9:659764. PMC: 8341434. DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.659764. View

Zuluaga J, Santos-Barbosa J, Cuellar A, Puerta C, Gonzalez J . False positive serology of prepandemic chagasic samples with SARS-CoV-2 antigen. Trop Med Int Health. 2022; 27(11):1009-1012. DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13818. View

Klumpp-Thomas C, Kalish H, Drew M, Hunsberger S, Snead K, Fay M . Standardization of ELISA protocols for serosurveys of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using clinical and at-home blood sampling. Nat Commun. 2021; 12(1):113. PMC: 7782755. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20383-x. View

Rokni M, Hamblin M, Rezaei N . Cytokines and COVID-19: friends or foes?. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020; 16(10):2363-2365. PMC: 7644241. DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1799669. View

Rokni M, Ghasemi V, Tavakoli Z . Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS. Rev Med Virol. 2020; 30(3):e2107. PMC: 7235481. DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2107. View

Rokni M, Ahmadikia K, Asghari S, Mashaei S, Hassanali F . Comparison of clinical, para-clinical and laboratory findings in survived and deceased patients with COVID-19: diagnostic role of inflammatory indications in determining the severity of illness. BMC Infect Dis. 2020; 20(1):869. PMC: 7680983. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05540-3. View

Zhou P, Yang X, Wang X, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W . A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020; 579(7798):270-273. PMC: 7095418. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7. View

Manning J, Zaidi I, Lon C, Rosas L, Park J, Ponce A . SARS-CoV-2 Cross-Reactivity in Prepandemic Serum from Rural Malaria-Infected Persons, Cambodia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022; 28(2):440-444. PMC: 8798695. DOI: 10.3201/eid2802.211725. View

10.

Iesa M, Osman M, Hassan M, Dirar A, Abuzeid N, Mancuso J . SARS-CoV-2 and common immunodominant regions may explain low COVID-19 incidence in the malaria-endemic belt. New Microbes New Infect. 2020; 38:100817. PMC: 7674012. DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100817. View

11.

Ng K, Faulkner N, Cornish G, Rosa A, Harvey R, Hussain S . Preexisting and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans. Science. 2020; 370(6522):1339-1343. PMC: 7857411. DOI: 10.1126/science.abe1107. View

12.

Heidari Nia M, Rokni M, Mirinejad S, Kargar M, Rahdar S, Sargazi S . Association of polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factors with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality rate: A case-control study and in silico analyses. J Med Virol. 2021; 94(4):1502-1512. PMC: 9015227. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27477. View

13.

Rokni M, Heidari Nia M, Sarhadi M, Mirinejad S, Sargazi S, Moudi M . Association of TMPRSS2 Gene Polymorphisms with COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: a Case-Control Study with Computational Analyses. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022; 194(8):3507-3526. PMC: 8986508. DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03885-w. View

14.

Vanroye F, Van den Bossche D, Brosius I, Tack B, Van Esbroeck M, Jacobs J . COVID-19 Antibody Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Tests Show High Cross-Reactivity When Challenged with Pre-Pandemic Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Dengue Samples. Diagnostics (Basel). 2021; 11(7). PMC: 8305106. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071163. View

15.

Crispin M, Ward A, Wilson I . Structure and Immune Recognition of the HIV Glycan Shield. Annu Rev Biophys. 2018; 47:499-523. PMC: 6163090. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-060414-034156. View

16.

Graham C, Seow J, Huettner I, Khan H, Kouphou N, Acors S . Neutralization potency of monoclonal antibodies recognizing dominant and subdominant epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 Spike is impacted by the B.1.1.7 variant. Immunity. 2021; 54(6):1276-1289.e6. PMC: 8015430. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.03.023. View

17.

Huong N, Nga N, Luu B, Latinne A, Pruvot M, Phuong N . Coronavirus testing indicates transmission risk increases along wildlife supply chains for human consumption in Viet Nam, 2013-2014. PLoS One. 2020; 15(8):e0237129. PMC: 7416947. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237129. View

18.

Liu L, Wang P, Nair M, Yu J, Rapp M, Wang Q . Potent neutralizing antibodies against multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 spike. Nature. 2020; 584(7821):450-456. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2571-7. View

19.

Miura K, Orcutt A, Muratova O, Miller L, Saul A, Long C . Development and characterization of a standardized ELISA including a reference serum on each plate to detect antibodies induced by experimental malaria vaccines. Vaccine. 2007; 26(2):193-200. PMC: 2253722. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.064. View

20.

Gostin L, Gronvall G . The Origins of Covid-19 - Why It Matters (and Why It Doesn't). N Engl J Med. 2023; 388(25):2305-2308. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2305081. View