ASIA Syndrome: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Overview

Journal Vaccines (Basel)

Date 2024 Oct 26

PMID 39460349

Authors

Mario Caldarelli

Pierluigi Rio

Vincenzo Giambra

Antonio Gasbarrini

Giovanni Gambassi

Rossella Cianci

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The expression "Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA)" was coined by Shoenfeld and colleagues in 2011. It defines a group of immune-mediated disorders that arise in people, with a genetic predisposition, following exposure to adjuvant agents. This syndrome has been reported after contact with silicone implants, medications, infections, metals, vaccines, and other substances. It typically occurs in individuals with a genetic predisposition, particularly involving genes, such as (major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1) and (protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22). Some stimuli lead to an overactivation of the immune system, prompt the production of autoantibodies, and finally cause autoimmune disorders. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the ASIA syndrome with a special focus on the role of adjuvants in different vaccines, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, and insights into development of new treatments.

References

Facciola A, Visalli G, Lagana A, Di Pietro A . An Overview of Vaccine Adjuvants: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Vaccines (Basel). 2022; 10(5). PMC: 9147349. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050819. View

Darnell E, Mooradian M, Baruch E, Yilmaz M, Reynolds K . Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs): Diagnosis, Management, and Clinical Pearls. Curr Oncol Rep. 2020; 22(4):39. DOI: 10.1007/s11912-020-0897-9. View

Daniel B, Nagy G, Czimmerer Z, Horvath A, Hammers D, Cuaranta-Monroy I . The Nuclear Receptor PPARγ Controls Progressive Macrophage Polarization as a Ligand-Insensitive Epigenomic Ratchet of Transcriptional Memory. Immunity. 2018; 49(4):615-626.e6. PMC: 6197058. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.005. View

Nunes E Silva D, Grundler C, Spengler M, Horimoto A, Machado M, Frazao I . Autoimmune Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA) after Silicone Breast Augmentation Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2017; 5(9):e1487. PMC: 5640359. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000001487. View

McAnally J, Xu L, Villain M, Blalock J . The role of adjuvants in the efficacy of a peptide vaccine for myasthenia gravis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2001; 226(4):307-11. DOI: 10.1177/153537020122600407. View

Gruber C, Calis J, Buta S, Evrony G, Martin J, Uhl S . Complex Autoinflammatory Syndrome Unveils Fundamental Principles of JAK1 Kinase Transcriptional and Biochemical Function. Immunity. 2020; 53(3):672-684.e11. PMC: 7398039. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.006. View

Littman E, McCabe K, Beg S . Saline Breast Implant Associated With Inflammatory Arthritis and Positive Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA): A Case Report. Cureus. 2024; 16(2):e55061. PMC: 10977612. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55061. View

Zandman-Goddard G, Blank M, Ehrenfeld M, Gilburd B, Peter J, Shoenfeld Y . A comparison of autoantibody production in asymptomatic and symptomatic women with silicone breast implants. J Rheumatol. 1999; 26(1):73-7. View

Obeso D, Mera-Berriatua L, Rodriguez-Coira J, Rosace D, Fernandez P, Martin-Antoniano I . Multi-omics analysis points to altered platelet functions in severe food-associated respiratory allergy. Allergy. 2018; 73(11):2137-2149. DOI: 10.1111/all.13563. View

10.

Hornung V, Bauernfeind F, Halle A, Samstad E, Kono H, Rock K . Silica crystals and aluminum salts activate the NALP3 inflammasome through phagosomal destabilization. Nat Immunol. 2008; 9(8):847-56. PMC: 2834784. DOI: 10.1038/ni.1631. View

11.

Dong L, He Y, Zhou S, Cao Y, Li Y, Bi Y . HIF1α-Dependent Metabolic Signals Control the Differentiation of Follicular Helper T Cells. Cells. 2019; 8(11). PMC: 6912655. DOI: 10.3390/cells8111450. View

12.

Morris G, Puri B, Frye R . The putative role of environmental aluminium in the development of chronic neuropathology in adults and children. How strong is the evidence and what could be the mechanisms involved?. Metab Brain Dis. 2017; 32(5):1335-1355. PMC: 5596046. DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0077-2. View

13.

Borba V, Malkova A, Basantsova N, Halpert G, Andreoli L, Tincani A . Classical Examples of the Concept of the ASIA Syndrome. Biomolecules. 2020; 10(10). PMC: 7600067. DOI: 10.3390/biom10101436. View

14.

Mahroum N, Lavine N, Ohayon A, Seida R, Alwani A, Alrais M . COVID-19 Vaccination and the Rate of Immune and Autoimmune Adverse Events Following Immunization: Insights From a Narrative Literature Review. Front Immunol. 2022; 13:872683. PMC: 9294236. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.872683. View

15.

Minegishi Y, Saito M, Tsuchiya S, Tsuge I, Takada H, Hara T . Dominant-negative mutations in the DNA-binding domain of STAT3 cause hyper-IgE syndrome. Nature. 2007; 448(7157):1058-62. DOI: 10.1038/nature06096. View

16.

Cho S, Raybuck A, Blagih J, Kemboi E, Haase V, Jones R . Hypoxia-inducible factors in CD4 T cells promote metabolism, switch cytokine secretion, and T cell help in humoral immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019; 116(18):8975-8984. PMC: 6500120. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1811702116. View

17.

Forbes L, Vogel T, Cooper M, Castro-Wagner J, Schussler E, Weinacht K . Jakinibs for the treatment of immune dysregulation in patients with gain-of-function signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) or STAT3 mutations. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018; 142(5):1665-1669. PMC: 6322659. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.020. View

18.

Santoni M, Massari F, Del Re M, Ciccarese C, Piva F, Principato G . Investigational therapies targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 for the treatment of cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2015; 24(6):809-24. DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1020370. View

19.

Alijotas-Reig J, Esteve-Valverde E, Gil-Aliberas N, Garcia-Gimenez V . Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants-ASIA-related to biomaterials: analysis of 45 cases and comprehensive review of the literature. Immunol Res. 2017; 66(1):120-140. DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8980-5. View

20.

Saleemi M, Zhang Y, Zhang G . Current Progress in the Science of Novel Adjuvant Nano-Vaccine-Induced Protective Immune Responses. Pathogens. 2024; 13(6). PMC: 11206999. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060441. View