Different Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Patterns of Diseased Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Versus Internal Thoracic Artery

Overview

Journal Antioxidants (Basel)

Date 2024 Oct 26

PMID 39456434

Authors

Andrea Salica

Vittoria Cammisotto

Raffaele Scaffa

Giulio Folino

Ruggero De Paulis

Roberto Carnevale

Umberto Benedetto

Wael Saade

Antonino Marullo

Sebastiano Sciarretta

Gianmarco Sarto

Silvia Palmerio

Valentina Valenti

Mariangela Peruzzi

Fabio Miraldi

Francesco Giosue Irace

Giacomo Frati

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress and inflammation are typically implied in atherosclerosis pathogenesis and progression, especially in coronary artery disease (CAD). Our objective was to investigate the oxidative stress and inflammation burden directly associated with atherosclerotic plaque in patients with stable coronary disease undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Specifically, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were compared in blood samples obtained from the atherosclerotic left anterior descending artery (LAD) and blood samples obtained from the healthy left internal thoracic artery (LITA), used as a bypass graft, within the same patient.

Methods: Twenty patients scheduled for off-pump CABG were enrolled. Blood samples were collected from the LITA below anastomosis and the LAD below the stenosis. Samples were analysed for oxidative stress (sNOXdp, HO, NO) and inflammation markers (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10).

Results: The analysis showed a significant increase in oxidative stress burden in the LAD as compared to LITA, as indicated by higher sNOX2-dp and HO levels and lower NO levels ( < 0.01). Also, pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased in the LAD as compared to the LITA, as indicated by higher TNFα and IL-6 amounts ( < 0.01). On the other hand, no significant differences could be seen regarding IL-1β and IL-10 levels between the two groups.

Conclusions: The oxidative stress and inflammatory burden are specifically enhanced in the LAD artery of stable coronary patients compared to systemic blood from the LITA of stable coronary patients.

References

Konior A, Schramm A, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Guzik T . NADPH oxidases in vascular pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013; 20(17):2794-814. PMC: 4026218. DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5607. View

Tardif J, Kouz S, Waters D, Bertrand O, Diaz R, Maggioni A . Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. 2019; 381(26):2497-2505. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1912388. View

Shiga Y, Miura S, Nishikawa H, Nakamura A, Arimura T, Mitsutake R . Regression of coronary plaque after coronary artery bypass graft. J Cardiol Cases. 2018; 5(2):e92-e95. PMC: 6265517. DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2012.01.001. View

Lubos E, Handy D, Loscalzo J . Role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide in atherothrombosis. Front Biosci. 2008; 13:5323-44. PMC: 2617738. DOI: 10.2741/3084. View

Loffredo L, Ben M, Bartimoccia S, Castellani V, Mancinella M, Ciacci P . Chocolate enriched by extra virgin olive oil improves endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes. Nutrition. 2021; 90:111270. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111270. View

Borges J, Lopes N, Soares P, Gois A, Stolf N, Oliveira S . Five-year follow-up of angiographic disease progression after medicine, angioplasty, or surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010; 5:91. PMC: 2987924. DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-5-91. View

Jaumdally R, Varma C, MacFadyen R, Lip G . Coronary sinus blood sampling: an insight into local cardiac pathophysiology and treatment?. Eur Heart J. 2007; 28(8):929-40. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm015. View

Kim J, Kim A, Jang C, Jang I, Kim K, Cho J . Comparison of the Plasma Metabolome Profiles Between the Internal Thoracic Artery and Ascending Aorta in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. J Korean Med Sci. 2019; 34(13):e104. PMC: 6449602. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e104. View

Aydin M, Tekin I, Dogan S, Yildirim N, Arasli M, Sayin M . The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Mediators Inflamm. 2009; 2009:106145. PMC: 2699491. DOI: 10.1155/2009/106145. View

10.

Gallino A, Aboyans V, Diehm C, Cosentino F, Stricker H, Falk E . Non-coronary atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J. 2014; 35(17):1112-9. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu071. View

11.

Valooran G, Nair S, Chandrasekharan K . Rare case of proximal coronary plaque regression after distal arterial grafting. Indian Heart J. 2016; 68 Suppl 2:S47-S50. PMC: 5067382. DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.07.029. View

12.

Rymer J, Newby L . Failure to Launch: Targeting Inflammation in Acute Coronary Syndromes. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2018; 2(4):484-497. PMC: 6034453. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.07.001. View

13.

Liberale L, Ministrini S, Carbone F, Camici G, Montecucco F . Cytokines as therapeutic targets for cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):23. PMC: 7997823. DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00863-x. View

14.

Fatkhullina A, Peshkova I, Koltsova E . The Role of Cytokines in the Development of Atherosclerosis. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2016; 81(11):1358-1370. PMC: 5471837. DOI: 10.1134/S0006297916110134. View

15.

Wu J, Marchioli R, Silletta M, Masson S, Sellke F, Libby P . Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Incidence of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation (OPERA) Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4(5). PMC: 4599415. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.001886. View

16.

Kim Y, Kattach H, Ratnatunga C, Pillai R, Channon K, Casadei B . Association of atrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity with the development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 51(1):68-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.07.085. View

17.

Ahn J, Tantry U, Kang M, Park H, Koh J, Bae J . Residual Inflammatory Risk and its Association With Events in East Asian Patients After Coronary Intervention. JACC Asia. 2022; 2(3):323-337. PMC: 9627808. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.11.014. View

18.

Zacho J, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Skov Jensen J, Grande P, Sillesen H, Nordestgaard B . Genetically elevated C-reactive protein and ischemic vascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2008; 359(18):1897-908. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0707402. View

19.

Carnevale R, Nocella C, Schiavon S, Cammisotto V, Cotugno M, Forte M . Beneficial effects of a combination of natural product activators of autophagy on endothelial cells and platelets. Br J Pharmacol. 2021; 178(10):2146-2159. DOI: 10.1111/bph.15399. View

20.

Tuomisto K, Jousilahti P, Sundvall J, Pajunen P, Salomaa V . C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha as predictors of incident coronary and cardiovascular events and total mortality. A population-based, prospective study. Thromb Haemost. 2006; 95(3):511-8. DOI: 10.1160/TH05-08-0571. View