Relationship Between Different Muscle Mass Indices and Physical Performance Measures in Turkish Older Adults

Overview

Journal BMC Geriatr

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2024 Oct 25

PMID 39448925

Authors

Esra Cataltepe

Eda Ceker

Ayse Fadiloglu

Hacer Dogan Varan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle, is assessed using appendicular skeletal muscle mass indices (ASMI). Various international groups propose different ASMI thresholds for assessing sarcopenia. However, the optimal ASMI that correlates best with physical performance measures in older Turkish adults remains unexplored. This study aims to determine which ASMI is most closely associated with physical performance measures, particularly low handgrip strength (dynapenia), in Turkish older adults.

Methods: The study included 326 individuals aged 60 and above. Comprehensive geriatric assessments were conducted on all participants, along with anthropometric evaluations and body composition analyses. ASMI was calculated by adjusting height squared, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Physical performance was assessed through handgrip strength, gait speed, and the chair stand test.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 74 ± 5.77 years, with 59.8% being women and 37.5% having dynapenia. Height-squared adjusted ASMI was not significantly associated with gait speed or the chair stand test. Weight-adjusted ASMI correlated with handgrip strength and gait speed but not with the chair stand test. Both height and weight-adjusted ASMI did not differ significantly between participants with and without dynapenia (p > 0.05). BMI-adjusted ASMI significantly correlated with all physical performance parameters (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in multivariate regression analysis, BMI-adjusted ASMI (OR = 0.028, 95% CI = 0.01-0.31, p = 0.006) was independently associated with dynapenia.

Conclusion: The study indicates that ASMI adjusted for BMI shows stronger correlations with all physical performance parameters and is independently associated with dynapenia. Utilizing ASMI adjusted for BMI may improve sarcopenia diagnosis in Turkish older adults.

References

Kawakami R, Miyachi M, Tanisawa K, Ito T, Usui C, Midorikawa T . Development and validation of a simple anthropometric equation to predict appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Clin Nutr. 2021; 40(11):5523-5530. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.09.032. View

Cawthon P, Peters K, Shardell M, McLean R, Dam T, Kenny A . Cutpoints for low appendicular lean mass that identify older adults with clinically significant weakness. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014; 69(5):567-75. PMC: 3991141. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu023. View

Cruz-Jentoft A, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyere O, Cederholm T . Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2018; 48(1):16-31. PMC: 6322506. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy169. View

Newman A, Kupelian V, Visser M, Simonsick E, Goodpaster B, Kritchevsky S . Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006; 61(1):72-7. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/61.1.72. View

Tan L, Chan Y, Denishkrshna A, Merchant R . Association between different skeletal muscle mass indices, physical function, and inflammation in obese pre-frail older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023; 118:105289. DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105289. View

Leong D, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum Jr A, Orlandini A . Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015; 386(9990):266-73. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6. View

Bahat G, Kilic C, Ilhan B, Karan M, Cruz-Jentoft A . Association of different bioimpedanciometry estimations of muscle mass with functional measures. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019; 19(7):593-597. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13668. View

Graf C, Pichard C, Herrmann F, Sieber C, Zekry D, Genton L . Prevalence of low muscle mass according to body mass index in older adults. Nutrition. 2017; 34:124-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.002. View

Kim K, Jang H, Lim S . Differences among skeletal muscle mass indices derived from height-, weight-, and body mass index-adjusted models in assessing sarcopenia. Korean J Intern Med. 2016; 31(4):643-50. PMC: 4939509. DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.015. View

10.

Cho Y, Jung H, Kim E, Lee M, Park J, Lee W . Association between sarcopenic obesity and poor muscle quality based on muscle quality map and abdominal computed tomography. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023; 31(6):1547-1557. DOI: 10.1002/oby.23733. View

11.

Tang T, Hwang A, Liu L, Lee W, Chen L, Wu Y . FNIH-defined Sarcopenia Predicts Adverse Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Older People in Taiwan: Results From I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017; 73(6):828-834. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx148. View

12.

Alswat K . Gender Disparities in Osteoporosis. J Clin Med Res. 2017; 9(5):382-387. PMC: 5380170. DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2970w. View

13.

Durmaz B, Soysal P, Ellidokuz H, Isik A . Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale-15 (short form) in Turkish older adults. North Clin Istanb. 2019; 5(3):216-220. PMC: 6323561. DOI: 10.14744/nci.2017.85047. View

14.

Kittiskulnam P, Carrero J, Chertow G, Kaysen G, Delgado C, Johansen K . Sarcopenia among patients receiving hemodialysis: weighing the evidence. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2016; 8(1):57-68. PMC: 5326818. DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12130. View

15.

Janssen I, Heymsfield S, Ross R . Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002; 50(5):889-96. DOI: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50216.x. View

16.

Newman A, Kupelian V, Visser M, Simonsick E, Goodpaster B, Nevitt M . Sarcopenia: alternative definitions and associations with lower extremity function. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003; 51(11):1602-9. DOI: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51534.x. View

17.

Lam F, Su Y, Lu Z, Yu R, Leung J, Kwok T . Cumulative and Incremental Value of Sarcopenia Components on Predicting Adverse Outcomes. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020; 21(10):1481-1489.e3. PMC: 8831392. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.056. View

18.

Varan H, Deniz O, Coteli S, Tuna Dogrul R, Kizilarslanoglu M, Goker B . Validity and reliability of Fried frailty phenotype in Turkish population. Turk J Med Sci. 2022; 52(2):524-527. PMC: 10381225. DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5318. View

19.

Han D, Chang K, Li C, Lin Y, Kao T, Tsai K . Skeletal muscle mass adjusted by height correlated better with muscular functions than that adjusted by body weight in defining sarcopenia. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:19457. PMC: 4726295. DOI: 10.1038/srep19457. View

20.

Baumgartner R, Koehler K, Gallagher D, Romero L, Heymsfield S, Ross R . Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. Am J Epidemiol. 1998; 147(8):755-63. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009520. View