Transglutaminase 1: Emerging Functions Beyond Skin

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Oct 16

PMID 39408635

Authors

Sahar Ebrahimi Samani

Hideki Tatsukawa

Kiyotaka Hitomi

Mari T Kaartinen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Transglutaminase enzymes catalyze Ca- and thiol-dependent posttranslational modifications of glutamine-residues that include esterification, hydrolysis and transamidation, which results in covalent protein-protein crosslinking. Among the eight transglutaminase family members in mammals, transglutaminase 1 (TG1) plays a crucial role in skin barrier formation via crosslinking and insolubilizing proteins in keratinocytes. Despite this established function in skin, novel functions have begun merging in normal tissue homeostasis as well as in pathologies. This review summarizes our current understanding of the structure, activation, expression and activity patterns of TG1 and discusses its putative novel role in other tissues, such as in vascular integrity, and in diseases, such as cancer and fibrosis.

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