Muscle Quality Index is Associated with Depression Among Non-elderly US Adults

Overview

Journal BMC Psychiatry

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2024 Oct 10

PMID 39390450

Authors

Zhaoxiang Wang

Menghuan Wu

Xuejing Shao

Qichao Yang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: Muscle Quality Index (MQI), defined as the muscle strength per unit of muscle mass, is considered an emerging indicator of health and physical function. This study aims to explore the relationship between MQI and the risk of depression among non-elderly US adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from participants aged between 20 and 59 years old, utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. The MQI was calculated by dividing the handgrip strength (HGS, kg) by the arm and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM, kg). Depression assessments were conducted using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The relationship between MQI and the risk of depression was explored by weighted logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analyses.

Results: A total of 4773 participants were included in this study. After adjusting for confounding factors, low MQI levels were identified as an independent risk factor for depression (OR = 0.800, 95%CI:0.668-0.957, P = 0.015). Smooth curve fitting analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship. Subgroup analysis did not identify any specific populations.

Conclusions: Higher MQI levels were closely associated with a lower risk of depression among non-elderly US adults. MQI could enhance our understanding of the link between muscle and depression and might serve as a simple functional measure for evaluating and predicting depression.

References

Isaac A, Lima-Filho R, Lourenco M . How does the skeletal muscle communicate with the brain in health and disease?. Neuropharmacology. 2021; 197:108744. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108744. View

Liu Q, He H, Yang J, Feng X, Zhao F, Lyu J . Changes in the global burden of depression from 1990 to 2017: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease study. J Psychiatr Res. 2019; 126:134-140. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.08.002. View

You Y, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Yan N, Ning Y, Cao Q . Muscle quality index is associated with trouble sleeping: a cross-sectional population based study. BMC Public Health. 2023; 23(1):489. PMC: 10012435. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15411-6. View

Lu Y, Li G, Ferrari P, Freisling H, Qiao Y, Wu L . Associations of handgrip strength with morbidity and all-cause mortality of cardiometabolic multimorbidity. BMC Med. 2022; 20(1):191. PMC: 9164350. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02389-y. View

Awick E, Ehlers D, Aguinaga S, Daugherty A, Kramer A, McAuley E . Effects of a randomized exercise trial on physical activity, psychological distress and quality of life in older adults. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2017; 49:44-50. PMC: 5681423. DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.06.005. View

Sullivan K, Shadish W, Steiner P . An introduction to modeling longitudinal data with generalized additive models: applications to single-case designs. Psychol Methods. 2014; 20(1):26-42. DOI: 10.1037/met0000020. View

Heo J, Shim J, Song B, Bae H, Lee H, Lee E . Association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass and depressive symptoms: Review of the cardiovascular and metabolic diseases etiology research center cohort. J Affect Disord. 2018; 238:8-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.012. View

Levey A, Stevens L, Schmid C, Zhang Y, Castro 3rd A, Feldman H . A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150(9):604-12. PMC: 2763564. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006. View

Huang X, Ma J, Ying Y, Liu K, Jing C, Hao G . The handgrip strength and risk of depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Qual Life Res. 2021; 30(9):2467-2474. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02858-6. View

10.

Mojtabai R, Olfson M, Han B . National Trends in the Prevalence and Treatment of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults. Pediatrics. 2016; 138(6). PMC: 5127071. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1878. View

11.

Guo T, Zhang F, Xiong L, Huang Z, Zhang X, Wan J . Association of Handgrip Strength with Hip Fracture and Falls in Community-dwelling Middle-aged and Older Adults: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. Orthop Surg. 2024; 16(5):1051-1063. PMC: 11062856. DOI: 10.1111/os.14029. View

12.

Xie H, Ruan G, Deng L, Zhang H, Ge Y, Zhang Q . Comparison of absolute and relative handgrip strength to predict cancer prognosis: A prospective multicenter cohort study. Clin Nutr. 2022; 41(8):1636-1643. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.011. View

13.

Brown J, Harhay M, Harhay M . The muscle quality index and mortality among males and females. Ann Epidemiol. 2016; 26(9):648-53. PMC: 5035612. DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.006. View

14.

Soysal P, Hurst C, Demurtas J, Firth J, Howden R, Yang L . Handgrip strength and health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies. J Sport Health Sci. 2020; 10(3):290-295. PMC: 8167328. DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.06.009. View

15.

Kandola A, Ashdown-Franks G, Hendrikse J, Sabiston C, Stubbs B . Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019; 107:525-539. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.040. View

16.

Ahluwalia N, Dwyer J, Terry A, Moshfegh A, Johnson C . Update on NHANES Dietary Data: Focus on Collection, Release, Analytical Considerations, and Uses to Inform Public Policy. Adv Nutr. 2016; 7(1):121-34. PMC: 4717880. DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009258. View

17.

Otte C, Gold S, Penninx B, Pariante C, Etkin A, Fava M . Major depressive disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016; 2:16065. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.65. View

18.

Yin L, Li N, Jia W, Wang N, Liang M, Yang X . Skeletal muscle atrophy: From mechanisms to treatments. Pharmacol Res. 2021; 172:105807. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105807. View

19.

Lima-Filho R, Fortuna J, Cozachenco D, Isaac A, Lyra E Silva N, Saldanha A . Brain FNDC5/Irisin Expression in Patients and Mouse Models of Major Depression. eNeuro. 2023; 10(2). PMC: 9927507. DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0256-22.2023. View

20.

Barbat-Artigas S, Rolland Y, Zamboni M, Aubertin-Leheudre M . How to assess functional status: a new muscle quality index. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012; 16(1):67-77. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-012-0004-5. View