A Polymer Nanogel-based Therapeutic Nanovaccine for Prophylaxis and Direct Treatment of Tumors a Full-cycle Immunomodulation

Overview

Journal Bioact Mater

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Oct 10

PMID 39386218

Authors

Yunqi Guo

Zhiqiang Wang

Gaoming Li

Mengsi Zhan

Tingting Xiao

Jianhong Wang

Jan C M van Hest

Xiangyang Shi

Mingwu Shen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Construction of a cancer nanovaccine that can simultaneously activate immune cells and exert efficient tumor treatment still remains a challenge. Herein, we showcase a proof-of-concept demonstration of an advanced therapeutic nanovaccine formulation based on poly(-vinylcaprolactam) nanogels (NGs) which were loaded with manganese dioxide (MnO), the sonosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6), and the immune adjuvant cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). The gels were furthermore coated with apoptotic cancer cell membranes (AM). On the one hand, the AM promoted the recognition of NGs by antigen presenting cells (APCs) in lymph nodes due to their enhanced immunogenicity, then the loaded Mn and cGAMP could mature APCs stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation for triggering immunity to prevent tumor growth. On the other hand, the NGs could selectively release Mn for hydroxyl radical production and Ce6 to generate single oxygen under ultrasound irradiation of tumors, respectively, thereby exerting local chemodynamic/sonodynamic therapy to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). Moreover, the Mn could also activate STING in tumors to synergize with ICD for potentiated immune responses. Overall, the biomimetic NG-based therapeutic nanovaccine could directly evoke immune system, and also conduct local tumor treatment to further activate ICD, thus realizing a full-cycle immunomodulation (tumor killing for ICD/antigen production, and tumor cells/APCs immune activation) to tackle bilateral tumor growth.

Citing Articles

Nano-Oncologic Vaccine for Boosting Cancer Immunotherapy: The Horizons in Cancer Treatment.

Chen C, Xu Y, Meng H, Bao H, Hu Y, Li C Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025; 15(2).

PMID: 39852737 PMC: 11767563. DOI: 10.3390/nano15020122.

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