Effect of Polysaccharides on the Rectal Microbiota of Mice Challenged with Lipopolysaccharides

Overview

Journal Front Vet Sci

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2024 Oct 4

PMID 39364261

Authors

Yingjun Zhang

Reng Qiu

Zhifeng Zhang

Mikhlid H Almutairi

Shah Nawaz

Shiqi Dong

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Intestinal dysfunction poses a severe problem by preventing the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The gut, being the most vital organ for these processes, plays a crucial role in ensuring our body receives the nutrients it needs. We explored the mitigating effect of polysaccharides (MEP) on intestinal injury induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) through the modulation of intestinal flora.

Methods: For this purpose, Kunming mice (KM) were divided into three groups, namely, PC, PM, and PY. Group PY was treated with MEP, while groups PM and PY were induced with LPS.

Results: The results showed that weight loss in the PM group was significantly greater than that in the PY group ( < 0.05), and the organ indexes of the lung and spleen in the PM group were significantly higher than those in the PC ( < 0.01) and PY ( < 0.05) groups. LPS caused severe injuries in KM mice in the PM group, characterized by broken villi. However, MEP treatment could alleviate this damage in the PY group, resulting in relatively intact villi. The serum analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɑ) ( < 0.01), interleukin 6 (IL-6) ( < 0.01), and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) ( < 0.05) levels were significantly higher in the PM group, while IL-10 ( < 0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) ( < 0.01) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) ( < 0.01) were significantly lower in that group. Interestingly, supplementation with MEP could lower the levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-10, IL-6, MDA while increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) ( < 0.01) and GSH-Px. The gut microbiota analysis yielded 630,323 raw reads and 554,062 clean reads, identifying 3,390 amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs). One phylum and five genera were notably different among animal groups, including , unclassified_, unclassified_, and ().

Discussion: In conclusion, we found that MEP could mitigate the intestinal damage caused by LPS by modulating the inflammatory response, oxidative resistance, and intestinal flora of KM mice. Our results may provide insights into novel treatment options for intestine-related diseases.

References

Sanchez de Medina F, Romero-Calvo I, Mascaraque C, Martinez-Augustin O . Intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier function. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014; 20(12):2394-404. DOI: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000204. View

Zhou J, Peng Z, Wang J . Trelagliptin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Acute Lung Injury Mice. Inflammation. 2021; 44(4):1507-1517. DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01435-w. View

Jandhyala S, Talukdar R, Subramanyam C, Vuyyuru H, Sasikala M, Reddy D . Role of the normal gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol. 2015; 21(29):8787-803. PMC: 4528021. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8787. View

Wu Y, Zhang Y, Xie B, Abdelgawad A, Chen X, Han M . RhANP attenuates endotoxin-derived cognitive dysfunction through subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve-mediated gut microbiota-brain axis. J Neuroinflammation. 2021; 18(1):300. PMC: 8697447. DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02356-z. View

Zhang J, Xue J, Xu B, Xie J, Qiao J, Lu Y . Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide induced acute inflammation in lung by chlorination. J Hazard Mater. 2015; 303:131-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.024. View

Ksiezarek M, Grosso F, Ribeiro T, Peixe L . Genomic diversity of genus . Microb Genom. 2022; 8(7). PMC: 9455696. DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000847. View

Wells P, Sprockett D, Bowyer R, Kurushima Y, Relman D, Williams F . Influential factors of saliva microbiota composition. Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1):18894. PMC: 9640688. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23266-x. View

Zeng P, Li J, Chen Y, Zhang L . The structures and biological functions of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese herbs. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019; 163:423-444. PMC: 7102684. DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.03.003. View

Schloss P . Amplicon Sequence Variants Artificially Split Bacterial Genomes into Separate Clusters. mSphere. 2021; 6(4):e0019121. PMC: 8386465. DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00191-21. View

10.

Qiu Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Ma H, Cao F, Xu J . The combination effects of acetaminophen and N-acetylcysteine on cytokines production and NF-κB activation of lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglet mononuclear phagocytes in vitro and in vivo. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013; 152(3-4):381-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.01.013. View

11.

Xu B, Yan Y, Yin B, Zhang L, Qin W, Niu Y . Dietary glycyl-glutamine supplementation ameliorates intestinal integrity, inflammatory response, and oxidative status in association with the gut microbiota in LPS-challenged piglets. Food Funct. 2021; 12(8):3539-3551. DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03080e. View

12.

Tang J, Xu L, Zeng Y, Gong F . Effect of gut microbiota on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020; 91:107272. DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107272. View

13.

Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, Huang J, Liu Y, Li Z . Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022; 12:935723. PMC: 9399429. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723. View

14.

Kalabiska I, Annar D, Keki Z, Borbas Z, Bhattoa H, Zsakai A . The Oral Microbiome Profile of Water Polo Players Aged 16-20. Sports (Basel). 2023; 11(11). PMC: 10674641. DOI: 10.3390/sports11110216. View

15.

Bhargava S, Merckelbach E, Noels H, Vohra A, Jankowski J . Homeostasis in the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel). 2022; 14(10). PMC: 9610479. DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100648. View

16.

Gorman A, Golovanov A . Lipopolysaccharide Structure and the Phenomenon of Low Endotoxin Recovery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2022; 180:289-307. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.006. View

17.

Li Y, Xia S, Jiang X, Feng C, Gong S, Ma J . Gut Microbiota and Diarrhea: An Updated Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021; 11:625210. PMC: 8082445. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.625210. View

18.

Li S, Tang D, Wei R, Zhao S, Mu W, Qiang S . Polysaccharides production from soybean curd residue via Morchella esculenta. J Food Biochem. 2019; 43(4):e12791. DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12791. View

19.

Bron P, Kleerebezem M, Brummer R, Cani P, Mercenier A, Macdonald T . Can probiotics modulate human disease by impacting intestinal barrier function?. Br J Nutr. 2017; 117(1):93-107. PMC: 5297585. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114516004037. View

20.

Liu G, Lu J, Sun W, Jia G, Zhao H, Chen X . Dietary alpha-ketoglutarate enhances intestinal immunity by Th17/Treg immune response in piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge. J Anim Sci. 2023; 101. PMC: 10355370. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad213. View