Asymptomatic Portal Vein Aneurysm Uncovered During the Evaluation of a Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Rare Clinical Case

Portal vein aneurysms (PVAs) are rare vascular anomalies that are most often discovered incidentally during imaging for unrelated conditions. Their management remains controversial due to the limited data available. Here, we report the case of a 72-year-old male who presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and was found to have an incidental 4.9 cm PVA on abdominal computed tomography angiography (CTA), managed conservatively with regular follow-up imaging and monitoring. PVAs, while rare, present a significant clinical challenge due to the lack of consensus on their management. Treatment strategies range from conservative monitoring to surgical intervention, depending on the presence of symptoms, aneurysm size, and underlying etiology. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing PVAs, particularly when they are discovered incidentally. Further research is needed to develop standardized guidelines that address the nuances of treating both congenital and acquired PVAs.