Gene Therapeutic Drug PCMV-VEGF165 Plasmid ('Neovasculgen') Promotes Gingiva Soft Tissue Augmentation in Rabbits

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Sep 28

PMID 39337502

Authors

Polina Koteneva

Nastasia Kosheleva

Alexey Fayzullin

Yana Khristidis

Timur Rasulov

Aida Kulova

Sergey Rozhkov

Anna Vedyaeva

Tatiana Brailovskaya

Peter Timashev

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Currently, an increasing number of patients are undergoing extensive surgeries to restore the mucosa of the gums in the area of recessions. The use of a connective tissue graft from the palate is the gold standard of such surgical treatment, but complications, especially in cases of extensive defects, have led to the development of approaches using xenogeneic collagen matrices and methods to stimulate their regenerative and vasculogenic potential. This study investigated the potential of a xenogeneic scaffold derived from porcine skin Mucoderm and injections of the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid ('Neovasculgen') to enhance soft gingival tissue volume and vascularization in an experimental model in rabbits. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of the matrix and plasmid with gingival mesenchymal stem cells, showing no toxic effects and supporting cell viability and metabolic activity. In the in vivo experiment, the combination of Mucoderm and the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid (0.12 mg) synergistically promoted tissue proliferation and vascularization. The thickness of soft tissues at the implantation site significantly increased with the combined application (3257.8 ± 1093.5 µm). Meanwhile, in the control group, the thickness of the submucosa was 341.8 ± 65.6 µm, and after the implantation of only Mucoderm, the thickness of the submucosa was 2041.6 ± 496.8 µm. Furthermore, when using a combination of Mucoderm and the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid, the density and diameter of blood vessels were notably augmented, with a mean value of 226.7 ± 45.9 per 1 mm of tissue, while in the control group, it was only 68.3 ± 17.2 per 1 mm of tissue. With the application of only Mucoderm, it was 131.7 ± 37.1 per 1 mm of tissue, and with only the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid, it was 145 ± 37.82 per 1 mm of the sample. Thus, the use of the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid ('Neovasculgen') in combination with the xenogeneic collagen matrix Mucoderm potentiated the pro-proliferative effect of the membrane and the pro-vascularization effect of the plasmid. These results indicate the promising potential of this innovative approach for clinical applications in regenerative medicine and dentistry.

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