Insights into the Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Isolates from Spanish Swine Farms

Overview

Journal Antibiotics (Basel)

Specialty Pharmacology

Date 2024 Sep 28

PMID 39335044

Authors

Oscar Mencia-Ares

Eva Ramos-Calvo

Alba Gonzalez-Fernandez

Alvaro Aguaron-Turrientes

Ana Isabel Pastor-Calonge

Ruben Miguelez-Perez

Cesar B Gutierrez-Martin

Sonia Martinez-Martinez

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

is a significant pathogen in swine, primarily causing exudative epidermitis. Addressing infections requires both the characterization of virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in farm-recovered isolates. This study aimed to characterize the virulence, AMR, and biofilm formation of isolates from Spanish swine farms. A total of 49 isolates were analyzed, originating from animals with cutaneous, reproductive, and systemic clinical signs. Half of the isolates (49.0%) were positive for at least one virulence factor (VF) gene, with being the most frequent (28.6%). A high frequency of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates was observed (83.7%), with significant resistance to commonly used antimicrobials, including lincosamides (83.7%), pleuromutilins (81.6%), penicillins (75.5%), and tetracyclines (73.5%). All isolates exhibited robust in vitro biofilm formation capacity (DC = 15.6 ± 7.0). Significant associations were found between VFs, biofilm formation, and AMR patterns, highlighting the link between the resistance to lincosamides and pleuromutilins ( < 0.001; Φ = 0.57) and macrolides ( < 0.001; Φ = 0.48), and the association of AMR with the and VF genes. These findings underscore the need for targeted diagnostics to improve management and therapeutic strategies to mitigate the impact of on swine production.

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