Association of Food Group with the Changes in Sarcopenia Parameters over 1 year in Older Outpatients in a Frailty Clinic

Overview

Journal Eur Geriatr Med

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2024 Sep 10

PMID 39254774

Authors

Sahoko Takagi

Keisuke Maeda

Shosuke Satake

Kaori Kinoshita

Yumiko Iizuka

Yasumoto Matsui

Hidenori Arai

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between food group and the changes in sarcopenia parameters in 1 year among older outpatients.

Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted between July 2017 and April 2021 included patients aged ≥ 65 years attending a frailty clinic. Food group consumption adjusted for energy and body weight was conducted using a self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between tertiles of adjusted food group consumption and outcomes, including a handgrip strength decline, prolonged five-time chair stand test (5CST), decreased skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and decreased gait speed in 1 year. Covariates included age, sex, height, energy intake, number of comorbidities, and the Baecke activity score.

Results: In the analysis of 165 participants (mean age 77.6 ± 6.1 years, 107 women), individuals with higher consumption of sugar and sweeteners had a significantly increased risk for handgrip strength decline (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.15-5.23, P = 0.020) and prolonged 5CST (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.38-7.13, P = 0.006). Higher consumption of beverages increased the risk of handgrip strength decline (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.11-4.76, P = 0.025). Conversely, higher legume consumption decreased the risk of SMI reduction (OR 0.35, 95%CI 0.16-0.76, P = 0.008), higher fruit consumption reduced the risk of prolonged 5CST time (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.13-0.67, P = 0.004), and higher green yellow vegetables consumption decreased the risk of reduced gait speed (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.84, P = 0.017).

Conclusion: Sugar, sweeteners, and beverages are associated with worsened sarcopenia parameters, whereas consumption of legumes, vegetables, and fruits is associated with a lower risk.

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