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Assessment of Treatment Outcomes of Daily Fixed-dose Combination Therapy Among Drug-sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Prospective Study from Bengaluru, India

Overview
Journal J Family Med Prim Care
Specialty Public Health
Date 2024 Sep 4
PMID 39228632
Authors
M Sumana
S Saraswathi
Amita Mukhopadhyay
Ipsita Debata
T S Ranganath
Affiliations
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Abstract

Context: The annual incidence cases report depicts India as having the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden globally. Following a programmatic change, the daily fixed-dose combination (FDC) anti-TB treatment regimens were introduced by the Indian government's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP).

Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the treatment outcomes among drug-sensitive pulmonary TB patients receiving daily FDC drugs and the associated factors influencing the treatment outcomes.

Settings And Design: A prospective study was conducted among 300 drug-sensitive pulmonary TB cases in the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) area.

Materials And Methods: The TB units and designated microscopic centers (DMCs) were selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected through a pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire. Patients were followed up until treatment completion.

Statistical Analysis Used: Data were compiled and analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics version 20.0. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used for interpretation. A -value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Around 86.33% of patients were cured, 4% had completed treatment, and 1% had treatment failure. Older age, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reactive status, alcohol intake, tobacco use, and migrants were associated with poor outcomes.

Conclusions: The daily FDC regimen had better outcomes than intermittent regimens. Smokers, alcoholics, migrants, and patients with co-morbidity need to be given priority in management as they are prone to poorer outcomes.

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