Transcriptomic Response of Lumpfish () Head Kidney to Viral Mimic, with a Focus on the Family

Overview

Journal Front Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2024 Aug 30

PMID 39211041

Authors

Mohamed Emam

Surendra Kumar

Khalil Eslamloo

Albert Caballero-Solares

Jennifer R Hall

Xi Xue

Helene Paradis

Robert L Gendron

Javier Santander

Matthew L Rise

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The economic importance of lumpfish () is increasing, but several aspects of its immune responses are not well understood. To discover genes and mechanisms involved in the lumpfish antiviral response, fish were intraperitoneally injected with either the viral mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; vehicle control), and head kidneys were sampled 24 hours post-injection (hpi) for transcriptomic analyses. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) (adjusted p-value <0.05) identified 4,499 upregulated and 3,952 downregulated transcripts in the poly(I:C)-injected fish compared to the PBS-injected fish. Eighteen genes identified as differentially expressed by RNA-Seq were included in a qPCR study that confirmed the upregulation of genes encoding proteins with antiviral immune response functions (e.g., ) and the downregulation of genes (e.g., ) with potential cellular process functions. In addition, transcript expression levels of 12 members of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family [seven of which were identified as poly(I:C)-responsive in this RNA-Seq study] were analyzed using qPCR. Levels of , , , , , , , , and were significantly higher and levels of and were significantly lower in the poly(I:C)-injected fish compared to the PBS-injected fish. This research and associated new genomic resources enhance our understanding of the genes and molecular mechanisms underlying the lumpfish response to viral mimic stimulation and help identify possible therapeutic targets and biomarkers for viral infections in this species.

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