Forssman and the Staphylococcal Hemolysins

Overview

Journal APMIS

Specialties Allergy & Immunology
Microbiology
Pathology

Date 2024 Aug 27

PMID 39188243

Authors

Hanne Ingmer

Jorgen J Leisner

Stephanie Fulaz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Forssman was a Swedish pathologist and microbiologist who, in the 1920s and 1930s conducted a long series of experiments that led to unique insights into surface antigens of blood cells, as well as added to the discrimination of toxins produced by staphylococci that lyse red blood cells. This review takes offset in the studies published by Forssman in APMIS addressing the hemolytic properties of staphylococcal toxins displayed against erythrocytes of animal and human origin. In light of current knowledge, we will discuss the insights we now have and how they may pave the way for curing infections with pathogenic staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus.

References

Novick R . Autoinduction and signal transduction in the regulation of staphylococcal virulence. Mol Microbiol. 2003; 48(6):1429-49. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03526.x. View

Hansen A, Peng P, Baldry M, Perez-Gassol I, Christensen S, Vinther J . Lactam hybrid analogues of solonamide B and autoinducing peptides as potent S. aureus AgrC antagonists. Eur J Med Chem. 2018; 152:370-376. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.053. View

Morfeldt E, Taylor D, von Gabain A, Arvidson S . Activation of alpha-toxin translation in Staphylococcus aureus by the trans-encoded antisense RNA, RNAIII. EMBO J. 1995; 14(18):4569-77. PMC: 394549. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00136.x. View

Chambers H, DeLeo F . Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009; 7(9):629-41. PMC: 2871281. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2200. View

Queck S, Jameson-Lee M, Villaruz A, Bach T, Khan B, Sturdevant D . RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus. Mol Cell. 2008; 32(1):150-8. PMC: 2575650. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.08.005. View

Otto M . Staphylococcus aureus toxins. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2014; 17:32-7. PMC: 3942668. DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2013.11.004. View

WISEMAN G . The hemolysins of Staphylococcus aureus. Bacteriol Rev. 1975; 39(4):317-44. PMC: 408339. DOI: 10.1128/br.39.4.317-344.1975. View

Gouaux J, Braha O, Hobaugh M, Song L, Cheley S, Shustak C . Subunit stoichiometry of staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin in crystals and on membranes: a heptameric transmembrane pore. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994; 91(26):12828-31. PMC: 45533. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12828. View

DOERY H, MAGNUSSON B, CHEYNE I, SULASEKHARAM J . A phospholipase in staphylococcal toxin which hydrolyses sphingomyelin. Nature. 1963; 198:1091-2. DOI: 10.1038/1981091a0. View

10.

Liu L, Zhuang H, Wang Y, Tu Y, Yu Y, Chen Y . β-Hemolysin, not mutation, inhibits the hemolysis of α-hemolysin in laboratory and clinical strains. mSphere. 2024; 9(2):e0067323. PMC: 10900901. DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00673-23. View

11.

Spaan A, Vrieling M, Wallet P, Badiou C, Reyes-Robles T, Ohneck E . The staphylococcal toxins γ-haemolysin AB and CB differentially target phagocytes by employing specific chemokine receptors. Nat Commun. 2014; 5:5438. PMC: 4228697. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6438. View

12.

WELD J, Gunther A . DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN CERTAIN TOXIC PROPERTIES OF FILTRATES OF HEMOLYTIC STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. J Exp Med. 2009; 54(3):315-22. PMC: 2132001. DOI: 10.1084/jem.54.3.315. View

13.

Alonzo 3rd F, Torres V . Bacterial survival amidst an immune onslaught: the contribution of the Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxins. PLoS Pathog. 2013; 9(2):e1003143. PMC: 3578777. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003143. View

14.

Vinodhini V, Kavitha M . Deciphering agr quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus: insights and therapeutic prospects. Mol Biol Rep. 2024; 51(1):155. DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08930-3. View

15.

McNamara P, Khalili S, Proctor R . Identification, cloning, and initial characterization of rot, a locus encoding a regulator of virulence factor expression in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 2000; 182(11):3197-203. PMC: 94507. DOI: 10.1128/JB.182.11.3197-3203.2000. View

16.

Cooney J, Kienle Z, Foster T, OToole P . The gamma-hemolysin locus of Staphylococcus aureus comprises three linked genes, two of which are identical to the genes for the F and S components of leukocidin. Infect Immun. 1993; 61(2):768-71. PMC: 302792. DOI: 10.1128/iai.61.2.768-771.1993. View

17.

Francois B, Mercier E, Gonzalez C, Asehnoune K, Nseir S, Fiancette M . Safety and tolerability of a single administration of AR-301, a human monoclonal antibody, in ICU patients with severe pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus: first-in-human trial. Intensive Care Med. 2018; 44(11):1787-1796. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-018-5229-2. View

18.

Magyarics Z, Leslie F, Bartko J, Rouha H, Luperchio S, Schorgenhofer C . Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Ascending-Dose Study of the Penetration of a Monoclonal Antibody Combination (ASN100) Targeting Cytotoxins in the Lung Epithelial Lining Fluid of Healthy Volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019; 63(8). PMC: 6658777. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00350-19. View

19.

Becker R, Berube B, Sampedro G, DeDent A, Bubeck Wardenburg J . Tissue-specific patterning of host innate immune responses by Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin. J Innate Immun. 2014; 6(5):619-31. PMC: 4464663. DOI: 10.1159/000360006. View

20.

Goerke C, Wirtz C, Fluckiger U, Wolz C . Extensive phage dynamics in Staphylococcus aureus contributes to adaptation to the human host during infection. Mol Microbiol. 2006; 61(6):1673-85. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05354.x. View