Primary Schwannoma of the Thyroid Gland: Analysis of Case Characteristics and Review of the Literature

Overview

Journal BMC Surg

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty General Surgery

Date 2024 Aug 17

PMID 39154012

Authors

Hangjun Ren

Xingguo Cui

Lianmei Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: To improve the characteristics of primary thyroid schwannomas (PTS) and to provide reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: PubMed was searched for case reports of PTS up to December 2022 using the search terms "Thyroid nerve sheath tumor" or "Thyroid schwannoma" or "Thyroid Neurilemmoma", respectively. 34 cases were screened.

Results: PTS can occur at any age, nodules averaged 3.9 cm. The most common symptoms were voice change and dysphagia. Fine needle aspiration cytology showing spindle-shaped cells should be considered for schwannoma. Most cases underwent thyroid lobectomy or nodule removal with a good prognosis. Tissue types with both Antoni A and Antoni B features are common. Positive immunohistochemical staining for S-100 protein, CD34 and waveform proteins helped confirm the diagnosis.

Conclusions: Positive immunohistochemistry for S-100 and wave proteins helps confirm the diagnosis. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging, but pathology and immunohistochemical staining are the gold standard for diagnosis. The first choice of treatment is surgical resection of the nodules, the prognosis is good.

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