Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy‑related Pneumonitis: How, when and Why to Diagnose and Manage (Review)

Overview

Journal Exp Ther Med

Specialty Pathology

Date 2024 Aug 8

PMID 39113908

Authors

Salvatore Lavalle

Edoardo Masiello

Maria Rosaria Valerio

Alberto Aliprandi

Giuseppa Scandurra

Vittorio Gebbia

Daniela Sambataro

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by enhancing the immune response against tumor cells. However, their influence on immune pathways can lead to immune-related adverse events such as pneumonitis, necessitating rapid diagnosis and management to prevent severe complications. These adverse events arise from the activation of the immune system by immunotherapeutic drugs, leading to immune-mediated inflammation and tissue damage in various organs and tissues throughout the body. The present review article discusses the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities and management strategies for ICI-related pneumonitis, emphasizing early recognition and tailored interventions. Future research endeavors should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of pneumonitis and identifying predictive biomarkers to guide personalized treatment strategies in this evolving field of oncology.

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