Varicella Zoster Virus Disrupts MAIT Cell Polyfunctional Effector Responses

Overview

Journal PLoS Pathog

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2024 Aug 7

PMID 39110717

Authors

Shivam K Purohit

Lauren Stern

Alexandra J Corbett

Jeffrey Y W Mak

David P Fairlie

Barry Slobedman

Allison Abendroth

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional T cells that respond to riboflavin biosynthesis and cytokines through TCR-dependent and -independent pathways, respectively. MAIT cell activation plays an immunoprotective role against several pathogens, however the functional capacity of MAIT cells following direct infection or exposure to infectious agents remains poorly defined. We investigated the impact of Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) on blood-derived MAIT cells and report virus-mediated impairment of activation, cytokine production, and altered transcription factor expression by VZV infected (antigen+) and VZV exposed (antigen-) MAIT cells in response to TCR-dependent and -independent stimulation. Furthermore, we reveal that suppression of VZV exposed (antigen-) MAIT cells is not mediated by a soluble factor from neighbouring VZV infected (antigen+) MAIT cells. Finally, we demonstrate that VZV impairs the cytolytic potential of MAIT cells in response to riboflavin synthesising bacteria. In summary, we report a virus-mediated immune-evasion strategy that disarms MAIT cell responses.

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