Effect of Exercise Modality on Heart Rate Variability in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Overview

Journal Rev Cardiovasc Med

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2024 Jul 30

PMID 39077654

Authors

Faming Yang

Ying Ma

Shuangyan Liang

Yali Shi

Chen Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to use a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), combined training (CBT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on adult heart rate variability (HRV).

Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure to identify randomized controlled trials on the effects of exercise on HRV in adults. The search was conducted from the outset of these databases to April 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles, extracted raw data from the relevant studies, and assessed the possible risk of bias in the included studies.

Results: The NMA showed that HIIT had the greatest effect on the low-frequency (LF) power/high-frequency (HF) power ratio, standard deviation of normal-normal intervals (SDNN), and root mean square of successive differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals (RMSSD) (surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) = 99.75%, 98.7%, and 84.9%); CBT had the greatest effect on the LF power (SUCRA = 66.3%); RT had the greatest effect on the HF power (SUCRA = 72.5%).

Conclusions: Our NMA and SUCRA ranking results suggest that in adults, HIIT is the most effective exercise modality in improving the SDNN, RMSSD, and LF/HF power ratio; RT for the HF power; CBT for the LF power. Any NMA conducted in the future must fully explore the effects of different exercise modalities on HRV in adult subgroups of different ages and genders.

Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=424054, identifier: CRD42023424054.

References

Kiviniemi A, Tulppo M, Eskelinen J, Savolainen A, Kapanen J, Heinonen I . Cardiac autonomic function and high-intensity interval training in middle-age men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014; 46(10):1960-7. DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000307. View

Thayer J, Yamamoto S, Brosschot J . The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Int J Cardiol. 2009; 141(2):122-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.543. View

Rouse B, Chaimani A, Li T . Network meta-analysis: an introduction for clinicians. Intern Emerg Med. 2016; 12(1):103-111. PMC: 5247317. DOI: 10.1007/s11739-016-1583-7. View

Badrov M, Bartol C, DiBartolomeo M, Millar P, McNevin N, McGowan C . Effects of isometric handgrip training dose on resting blood pressure and resistance vessel endothelial function in normotensive women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013; 113(8):2091-100. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2644-5. View

Kanegusuku H, Queiroz A, Silva V, de Mello M, Ugrinowitsch C, Forjaz C . High-Intensity Progressive Resistance Training Increases Strength With No Change in Cardiovascular Function and Autonomic Neural Regulation in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2014; 23(3):339-45. DOI: 10.1123/japa.2012-0324. View

Rosenwinkel E, Bloomfield D, Arwady M, Goldsmith R . Exercise and autonomic function in health and cardiovascular disease. Cardiol Clin. 2001; 19(3):369-87. DOI: 10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70223-x. View

Besnier F, Labrunee M, Richard L, Faggianelli F, Kerros H, Soukarie L . Short-term effects of a 3-week interval training program on heart rate variability in chronic heart failure. A randomised controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2019; 62(5):321-328. DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.013. View

Ramirez-Velez R, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Tellez-T L, Camelo-Prieto D, Hernandez-Quinonez P, Correa-Bautista J . Effect of Moderate- Versus High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Inactive Latin-American Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Strength Cond Res. 2017; 34(12):3403-3415. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001833. View

Harris K, Holly R . Physiological response to circuit weight training in borderline hypertensive subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987; 19(3):246-52. View

10.

Soltani M, Baluchi M, Boullosa D, Daraei A, Doyle-Baker P, Saeidi A . Effect of Intensity on Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Control of Heart Rate and Arterial Stiffness After Equated Continuous Running Training Programs. Front Physiol. 2021; 12:758299. PMC: 8696079. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758299. View

11.

Piras A, Persiani M, Damiani N, Perazzolo M, Raffi M . Peripheral heart action (PHA) training as a valid substitute to high intensity interval training to improve resting cardiovascular changes and autonomic adaptation. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014; 115(4):763-73. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3057-9. View

12.

Marotta N, Demeco A, Moggio L, Marinaro C, Pino I, Barletta M . Comparative effectiveness of breathing exercises in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020; 41:101260. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101260. View

13.

Laborde S, Mosley E, Thayer J . Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research - Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting. Front Psychol. 2017; 8:213. PMC: 5316555. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213. View

14.

Zawadka-Kunikowska M, Slomko J, Tafil-Klawe M, Klawe J, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Newton J . Role of peripheral vascular resistance as an indicator of cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2017; 44(11):1089-1098. DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12809. View

15.

Caruso F, Arena R, Phillips S, Bonjorno Jr J, Mendes R, Arakelian V . Resistance exercise training improves heart rate variability and muscle performance: a randomized controlled trial in coronary artery disease patients. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014; 51(3):281-9. View

16.

Kingsley J, Figueroa A . Acute and training effects of resistance exercise on heart rate variability. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2014; 36(3):179-87. DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12223. View

17.

Sanchez-Delgado J, Jacome-Hortua A, Yoshida de Melo K, Aguilar B, Philbois S, de Souza H . Physical Exercise Effects on Cardiovascular Autonomic Modulation in Postmenopausal Women-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(3). PMC: 9916307. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032207. View

18.

Liberati A, Altman D, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche P, Ioannidis J . The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ. 2009; 339:b2700. PMC: 2714672. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b2700. View

19.

Utriainen K, Airaksinen J, Polo O, Scheinin H, Laitio R, Leino K . Alterations in heart rate variability in patients with peripheral arterial disease requiring surgical revascularization have limited association with postoperative major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. PLoS One. 2018; 13(9):e0203519. PMC: 6136721. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203519. View

20.

Verheyden B, Eijnde B, Beckers F, Vanhees L, Aubert A . Low-dose exercise training does not influence cardiac autonomic control in healthy sedentary men aged 55-75 years. J Sports Sci. 2006; 24(11):1137-47. DOI: 10.1080/02640410500497634. View