Iron-Reduced Graphene Oxide Core-Shell Micromotors Designed for Magnetic Guidance and Photothermal Therapy Under Second Near-Infrared Light

Overview

Journal Pharmaceutics

Publisher MDPI

Date 2024 Jul 27

PMID 39065553

Authors

Orlando Donoso-Gonzalez

Ana L Riveros

Jose F Marco

Diego Venegas-Yazigi

Veronica Paredes-Garcia

Camila F Olguin

Cristina Mayorga-Lobos

Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez

Felipe Franco-Campos

Joseph Wang

Marcelo J Kogan

Soledad Bollo

Claudia Yanez

Daniela F Baez

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Core-shell micro/nanomotors have garnered significant interest in biomedicine owing to their versatile task-performing capabilities. However, their effectiveness for photothermal therapy (PTT) still faces challenges because of their poor tumor accumulation, lower light-to-heat conversion, and due to the limited penetration of near-infrared (NIR) light. In this study, we present a novel core-shell micromotor that combines magnetic and photothermal properties. It is synthesized via the template-assisted electrodeposition of iron (Fe) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on a microtubular pore-shaped membrane. The resulting Fe-rGO micromotor consists of a core of oval-shaped zero-valent iron nanoparticles with large magnetization. At the same time, the outer layer has a uniform reduced graphene oxide (rGO) topography. Combined, these Fe-rGO core-shell micromotors respond to magnetic forces and near-infrared (NIR) light (1064 nm), achieving a remarkable photothermal conversion efficiency of 78% at a concentration of 434 µg mL. They can also carry doxorubicin (DOX) and rapidly release it upon NIR irradiation. Additionally, preliminary results regarding the biocompatibility of these micromotors through in vitro tests on a 3D breast cancer model demonstrate low cytotoxicity and strong accumulation. These promising results suggest that such Fe-rGO core-shell micromotors could hold great potential for combined photothermal therapy.

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