The Impact of Pentraxin 3 Serum Levels and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Polymorphism on Pulmonary Infiltrates and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Overview

Journal Biomedicines

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Jul 27

PMID 39062191

Authors

Zdravka Krivdic Dupan

Vlatka Perisa

Mirjana Suver Stevic

Martina Mihalj

Maja Tolusic Levak

Silva Guljas

Tamer Salha

Domagoj Loinjak

Martina Kos

Matej Sapina

Ivana Canjko

Mirela Sambic Penc

Marin Stefancic

Nenad Neskovic

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the pentraxin 3 (PTX3) serum level and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism on the severity of radiographic pulmonary infiltrates and the clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Methods: The severity of COVID-19 pulmonary infiltrates was evaluated within a week of admission by analyzing chest X-rays (CXR) using the modified Brixia (MBrixa) scoring system. The insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism of the gene and the serum levels of PTX3 were determined for all patients included in the study.

Results: This study included 80 patients. Using a cut-off serum level of PTX3 ≥ 2.765 ng/mL, the ROC analysis (AUC 0.871, 95% CI 0.787-0.954, < 0.001) showed a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 78.8% in predicting severe MBrixa scores. Compared to I/I polymorphism, D/D polymorphism significantly increased the risk of severe CXR infiltrates, OR 7.7 (95% CI: 1.9-30.1), and = 0.002. Significant independent predictors of severe CXR infiltrates include hypertension (OR 7.71), PTX3 (OR 1.20), and D/D polymorphism (OR 18.72). Hypertension (OR 6.91), PTX3 (OR 1.47), and ACE I/I polymorphism (OR 0.09) are significant predictors of poor outcomes.

Conclusion: PTX3 and D/D polymorphism are significant predictors of the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. PTX3 is a significant predictor of death.

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