The Prognostic Properties of Thyroid Disorders, Hypothyroidism, and Hyperthyroidism in Predicting COVID-19 Poor Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal Indian J Endocrinol Metab

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2024 Jul 15

PMID 39005515

Authors

Hikmat Permana

Erwin Affandi Soeriadi

Fachreza Aryo Damara

Nanny Natalia Mulyani Soetedjo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: The relationship between thyroid metabolism and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inflammation has been extensively investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic properties of unspecified thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism for predicting poor COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods: We conducted systematic literature searching through multiple databases-PubMed, EBSCO and CENTRAL up until 27 September 2021. The main exposure was unspecified thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism on-admission status. The outcome of interest was the COVID-19 composite poor outcome that comprises severity, mortality, ICU admission and hospitalisation.

Results: There were 24517 patients from 20 studies. Meta-analysis showed that thyroid disorder, regardless of its type, was associated with COVID-19 poor outcome (OR 2.92 (95% CI 2.09 - 4.08), < 0.001; = 71%, < 0.001). Unspecified thyroid disorder has a sensitivity of 0.17 (0.08-0.33), specificity of 0.94 (0.88-0.97) and Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.66. Hypothyroidism has a sensitivity of 0.24 (0.12-0.42), specificity of 0.92 (0.87-0.96) and AUC of 0.77. Hyperthyroidism has a sensitivity of 0.05 (0.02-0.11), specificity of 0.98 (0.88-1.00) and AUC of 0.36. In this pooled analysis, the posttest probability of unspecified thyroid disease, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were 42%, 27% and 8% for poor outcomes, respectively.

Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are associated with poor COVID-19 prognosis.

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