The Impact of Gut Microbial Dysbiosis on the Atrophy of the Hippocampus and Abnormal Metabolism of N-acetyl Aspartate in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Overview

Journal Heliyon

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2024 Jul 12

PMID 38994099

Authors

Zhenyang Zhu

Qingqing Chen

Gege Jiang

Yuan Liang

Jing Shen

Jianlin Wu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intestinal dysbiosis on the hippocampal volume using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model.

Materials And Methods: We established a T2DM animal model with high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. Short-term ceftriaxone sodium administration was used to establish a T2DM intestinal dysbiosis (T2DM-ID) model. After establishing the model, fecal microbiota were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing. The models were then subjected to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Associations between MRI findings and fecal microbiota were evaluated.

Results: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the bilateral hippocampal voxel value and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) level were lower in the experimental group than in the normal control (NC) group ( < 0.05) and that NAA/creatine in the left hippocampus was lower in the T2DM-ID group than in the NC group ( < 0.05). α and β diversities differed significantly among the three groups ( < 0.05). In the T2DM and T2DM-ID groups, the abundance of bacteria in the phylum increased significantly, whereas that of bacteria in the phylum decreased. The relative abundance of was significantly increased in the T2DM-ID group. The Chao1 index ( = 0.33, < 0.05) and relative abundance of ( = 0.48, < 0.05) were positively correlated with the left hippocampal voxel, while the relative abundance of was negatively correlated with the left hippocampal voxel ( = -0.44, < 0.05). NAA levels, bilateral hippocampal voxels, and the relative abundance of , , and other genera were correlated positively ( = 0.34-0.70, < 0.05). NAA levels and the relative abundances of and were correlated negatively ( = -0.32-0.44, < 0.05).

Conclusion: The T2DM-ID rat model showed hippocampal volume atrophy and decreased levels of neuronal markers (such as NAA). The abnormal content of specific gut microorganisms may be a key biomarker of T2DM-associated brain damage.

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