Nasopharyngeal Carriage and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of , Haemophilus Influenzae, Moraxella Catarrhalis and Among Urban Ugandan Children Post-PCV10 Introduction: a Cross-sectional Study

Overview

Journal Afr Health Sci

Date 2024 Jul 8

PMID 38974281

Authors

Thaddee Nshimiyimana

Christine Florence Najjuka

Winnie Nalwanga

George Katende

David Patrick Kateete

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In 2013, Uganda introduced the PCV10 pneumococcal vaccine and it is given to children at 6, 10 and 14 weeks after birth. Carriage prevalence studies post PCV10-introduction are necessary for monitoring the impact of vaccination and trends in antibiotic resistance. Here, we studied carriage/antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), , and isolated from 194 children at the Mulago Assessment Centre clinic in Kampala-Uganda, 5 years post-PCV10 introduction. Almost all the children were vaccinated with PCV10 (98.5%, 191/194). The overall carriage prevalence (any species) was 62% (120/194), and it was associated with a history of antibiotics use (p=0.0159) and having respiratory symptoms (p=0.0003). The pneumococcus, , and carriage prevalence was 46% (90/194), 21% (40/194), 7% (14/194), and 6% (12/194), respectively. Species co-carriage occurred in 32 children (17%, 32/194), predominantly multidrug resistant pneumococcus + (23 children). Furthermore, pneumococci were highly resistant to cotrimoxazole (100%), erythromycin (76%), and tetracycline (52%), 42% being multidrug-resistant. Overall, we note an increase in antibiotic resistance post-PCV10 introduction, and microbial shifts i.e., a decrease in pneumococcus, and carriage and an increase in carriage suggesting vaccine-associated perturbation of the respiratory ecology.

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