Prevalence and Related Factors of Nephrolithiasis Among Medical Staff in Qingdao, China: a Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Overview

Journal BMC Nephrol

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2024 Jul 3

PMID 38956556

Authors

Lei Guo

Lijun Liu

Ying Sun

Li Xue

Xingji Gong

Yue Wang

Wei Jiao

Haitao Niu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Certain occupations may predispose individuals to urolithiasis, a multi-factorial disease. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and related factors of nephrolithiasis in medical staff in Qingdao, China.

Methods: Physical examination results of 5115 in-service medical staff aged 22-60 years old were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified analyses by age and gender were applied to explore the related factors of nephrolithiasis in these medical staff.

Results: The overall nephrolithiasis prevalence in medical staff in Qingdao, China was 4.65%. Doctors were more prone to nephrolithiasis than nurses (5.63% vs. 3.96%, P = 0.013) and the peak prevalence (6.69%) was observed in medical staff working in the emergency department (ED). Male gender (OR = 1.615, 95% CI = 1.123-2.323, P = 0.010), overweight or obesity (OR = 1.674, 95% CI = 1.266-2.214, P < 0.001), work seniority ≥ 10 years (OR = 2.489, 95%CI = 1.675-3.699, P < 0.001) and working in the ED (OR = 1.815, 95% CI = 1.202-2.742, P = 0.005) were independent predictors for nephrolithiasis in medical staff based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis. The associations between overweight or obesity and nephrolithiasis risk as well as between work seniority ≥ 10 years and nephrolithiasis risk in medical staff were independent of age or gender in stratified analysis.

Conclusions: Nephrolithiasis prevalence in medical staff in Qingdao, China seemed not to be higher than that in the general population. Medical staff with work seniority ≥ 10 years and working in the ED should pay abundant attention to take measures to modify their nephrolithiasis risk.

References

Walters D . Stress as a principal cause of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Int Urol Nephrol. 1986; 18(3):271-5. DOI: 10.1007/BF02082713. View

Gambaro G, Vezzoli G, Casari G, Rampoldi L, DAngelo A, Borghi L . Genetics of hypercalciuria and calcium nephrolithiasis: from the rare monogenic to the common polygenic forms. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004; 44(6):963-86. DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.06.030. View

Xiao Y, Yin S, Bai Y, Yang Z, Wang J, Cui J . Association between circadian syndrome and the prevalence of kidney stones in overweight adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018. BMC Public Health. 2023; 23(1):960. PMC: 10214633. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15934-y. View

Zeng G, Mai Z, Xia S, Wang Z, Zhang K, Wang L . Prevalence of kidney stones in China: an ultrasonography based cross-sectional study. BJU Int. 2017; 120(1):109-116. DOI: 10.1111/bju.13828. View

Linder B, Rangel L, Krambeck A . The effect of work location on urolithiasis in health care professionals. Urolithiasis. 2013; 41(4):327-31. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-013-0579-2. View

Boyce C, Pickhardt P, Lawrence E, Kim D, Bruce R . Prevalence of urolithiasis in asymptomatic adults: objective determination using low dose noncontrast computerized tomography. J Urol. 2010; 183(3):1017-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.11.047. View

Wang Y, Wang Q, Deng Y, Chen Z, Van Cappellen P, Yang Y . Assessment of the impact of geogenic and climatic factors on global risk of urinary stone disease. Sci Total Environ. 2020; 721:137769. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137769. View

Turk C, Petrik A, Sarica K, Seitz C, Skolarikos A, Straub M . EAU Guidelines on Diagnosis and Conservative Management of Urolithiasis. Eur Urol. 2015; 69(3):468-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.040. View

Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V . Kidney Stone Prevention. Adv Nutr. 2023; 14(3):555-569. PMC: 10201681. DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.002. View

10.

. 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension-A report of the Revision Committee of Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2019; 16(3):182-241. PMC: 6500570. DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2019.03.014. View

11.

Schmucki O, Asper R, Zortea C . [Stress and urolithiasis]. Urol Int. 1984; 39(3):159-64. DOI: 10.1159/000280966. View

12.

Deng H, Zhang X, Cheng N, Zhang J, Song C, Sun Y . Asymptomatic hyperuricemia associated with increased risk of nephrolithiasis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2023; 23(1):1525. PMC: 10416353. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16469-y. View

13.

Detsyk O, Solomchak D . The impact of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and physical inactivity on the risk of urolithiasis occurrence and recurrence. Wiad Lek. 2017; 70(1):38-42. View

14.

Huang Y, Wang H, Xu C, Zhou F, Su H, Zhang Y . Associations between smoke exposure and kidney stones: results from the NHANES (2007-2018) and Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023; 10:1218051. PMC: 10450509. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1218051. View

15.

Wildman R, Gu D, Reynolds K, Duan X, He J . Appropriate body mass index and waist circumference cutoffs for categorization of overweight and central adiposity among Chinese adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 80(5):1129-36. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1129. View

16.

Carbone A, Al Salhi Y, Tasca A, Palleschi G, Fuschi A, De Nunzio C . Obesity and kidney stone disease: a systematic review. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2018; 70(4):393-400. DOI: 10.23736/S0393-2249.18.03113-2. View

17.

Chen M, Weng S, Hsu C, Lin H, Su S, Wang J . Urolithiasis risk: a comparison between healthcare providers and the general population. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016; 16:273. PMC: 4949927. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1539-7. View

18.

Zeng X, Xi Y, Jiang W . Protective roles of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich plant extracts against urolithiasis: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018; 59(13):2125-2135. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1439880. View

19.

. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: . Diabetes Care. 2020; 44(Suppl 1):S15-S33. DOI: 10.2337/dc21-S002. View

20.

Atan L, Andreoni C, Ortiz V, Silva E, Pitta R, Atan F . High kidney stone risk in men working in steel industry at hot temperatures. Urology. 2005; 65(5):858-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.048. View