Nutritional Profile, Disease Severity, and Quality of Life of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study

Overview

Journal Nutrients

Date 2024 Jun 27

PMID 38931181

Authors

Lea N Sayegh

Firas Haddad

Layane Bou Jaoude

Nicole Fakhoury-Sayegh

Gessica N H A Heraoui

Zainab Nasrallah

Charbel Chidiac

Rashad Nawfal

Fadi F Francis

Fadi H Mourad

Jana G Hashash

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Diet is thought to play an important role in the clinical course and quality of life (QOL) of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, dietary habits of patients with IBD are still unknown. This case-control study aims to compare the dietary habits of patients with IBD to healthy controls and evaluate differences in disease severity and QOL.

Materials And Methods: Food frequency, severity scores using the Harvey-Bradshaw and Ulcerative colitis activity index, and QOL were assessed using online questionnaires. Dietary habits were compared for patients with active disease and remission and for those with low QOL (LQOL) and high QOL (HQOL).

Results: We recruited 61 patients with IBD and 101 controls. Significance was set at = 0.05. Controls consumed significantly more daily calories (2546 vs. 1641, = 0.001). However, patients with IBD consumed a higher percentage of carbohydrates (50% vs. 45%, = 0.001), more red meat ( = 0.024), and less fiber, sucrose, and lactose ( = 0.001, 0.001, and 0.036). Patients with active disease had higher lipid intake, lower protein intake, and lower QOL (47 vs. 58, = 0.001). Dietary differences between LQOL and HQOL mirrored those between active disease and remission.

Conclusion: This study is the first to provide valuable insights into the nutritional profile of Lebanese patients with IBD.

Citing Articles

Evaluating the Efficacy of Probiotics on Disease Progression, Quality of Life, and Nutritional Status Among Patients with Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Blinded Controlled Trial.

Hoteit M, Hellani M, Karaja M, Zayour N, Sadek Z, Hotayt B Nutrients. 2025; 17(4).

PMID: 40005035 PMC: 11858769. DOI: 10.3390/nu17040708.

References

Noureldein M, Nawfal R, Bitar S, Maxwell S, Khurana I, Kassouf H . Intestinal microbiota regulates diabetes and cancer progression by IL-1β and NOX4 dependent signaling cascades. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022; 79(9):502. PMC: 11802975. DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04485-x. View

Olfatifar M, Zali M, Pourhoseingholi M, Balaii H, Ghavami S, Ivanchuk M . The emerging epidemic of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia and Iran by 2035: A modeling study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021; 21(1):204. PMC: 8101120. DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01745-1. View

Jorgensen S, Lodberg Hvas C, Agnholt J, Christensen L, Heickendorff L, Frederik Dahlerup J . Active Crohn's disease is associated with low vitamin D levels. J Crohns Colitis. 2013; 7(10):e407-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.01.012. View

Shon W, Jung M, Kim Y, Kang G, Choi E, Shin D . Sugar-sweetened beverages exacerbate high-fat diet-induced inflammatory bowel disease by altering the gut microbiome. J Nutr Biochem. 2022; 113:109254. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109254. View

Roncoroni L, Gori R, Elli L, Tontini G, Doneda L, Norsa L . Nutrition in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2022; 14(4). PMC: 8879392. DOI: 10.3390/nu14040751. View

Sakamoto N, Kono S, Wakai K, Fukuda Y, Satomi M, Shimoyama T . Dietary risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter case-control study in Japan. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005; 11(2):154-63. DOI: 10.1097/00054725-200502000-00009. View

Swanson G, Sedghi S, Farhadi A, Keshavarzian A . Pattern of alcohol consumption and its effect on gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease. Alcohol. 2010; 44(3):223-8. PMC: 3708696. DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.10.019. View

Khalili H, Chan S, Lochhead P, Ananthakrishnan A, Hart A, Chan A . The role of diet in the aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018; 15(9):525-535. PMC: 6397648. DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0022-9. View

Molodecky N, Soon I, Rabi D, Ghali W, Ferris M, Chernoff G . Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review. Gastroenterology. 2011; 142(1):46-54.e42. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001. View

10.

Ng S, Shi H, Hamidi N, Underwood F, Tang W, Benchimol E . Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet. 2017; 390(10114):2769-2778. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32448-0. View

11.

Haskey N, Gibson D . An Examination of Diet for the Maintenance of Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients. 2017; 9(3). PMC: 5372922. DOI: 10.3390/nu9030259. View

12.

Gearry R, Irving P, Barrett J, Nathan D, Shepherd S, Gibson P . Reduction of dietary poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) improves abdominal symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-a pilot study. J Crohns Colitis. 2010; 3(1):8-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2008.09.004. View

13.

Bischoff S, Bager P, Escher J, Forbes A, Hebuterne X, Lodberg Hvas C . ESPEN guideline on Clinical Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Nutr. 2023; 42(3):352-379. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.12.004. View

14.

Brotherton C, Martin C, Long M, Kappelman M, Sandler R . Avoidance of Fiber Is Associated With Greater Risk of Crohn's Disease Flare in a 6-Month Period. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016; 14(8):1130-6. PMC: 4930425. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.12.029. View

15.

Rizzello F, Gionchetti P, Spisni E, Saracino I, Bellocchio I, Spigarelli R . Dietary Habits and Nutrient Deficiencies in a Cohort of European Crohn's Disease Adult Patients. Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24(2). PMC: 9865585. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021494. View

16.

Scoville E, Allaman M, Adams D, Motley A, Peyton S, Ferguson S . Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Correlate with Serum Cytokines and Clinical Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1):2882. PMC: 6393448. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39232-z. View

17.

Saha S, Patel N . What Should I Eat? Dietary Recommendations for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients. 2023; 15(4). PMC: 9966256. DOI: 10.3390/nu15040896. View

18.

Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Younes H, Heraoui G, Sayegh R . Nutritional Profile and Dietary Patterns of Lebanese Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients. 2017; 9(11). PMC: 5707717. DOI: 10.3390/nu9111245. View

19.

Mahalli A, Alharthi H . Assessment of health-related quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health. 2016; 10(1):93-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2016.02.008. View

20.

Jonkers D, Penders J, Masclee A, Pierik M . Probiotics in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of intervention studies in adult patients. Drugs. 2012; 72(6):803-23. DOI: 10.2165/11632710-000000000-00000. View