Mechanism, Structural and Functional Insights into Nidovirus-induced Double-membrane Vesicles

Overview

Journal Front Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2024 Jun 26

PMID 38919631

Authors

Xi Wang

Yiwu Chen

Chunyun Qi

Feng Li

Yuanzhu Zhang

Jian Zhou

Heyong Wu

Tianyi Zhang

Aosi Qi

Hongsheng Ouyang

Zicong Xie

Daxin Pang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

During infection, positive-stranded RNA causes a rearrangement of the host cell membrane, resulting in specialized membrane structure formation aiding viral genome replication. Double-membrane vesicles (DMVs), typical structures produced by virus-induced membrane rearrangements, are platforms for viral replication. Nidoviruses, one of the most complex positive-strand RNA viruses, have the ability to infect not only mammals and a few birds but also invertebrates. Nidoviruses possess a distinctive replication mechanism, wherein their nonstructural proteins (nsps) play a crucial role in DMV biogenesis. With the participation of host factors related to autophagy and lipid synthesis pathways, several viral nsps hijack the membrane rearrangement process of host endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and other organelles to induce DMV formation. An understanding of the mechanisms of DMV formation and its structure and function in the infectious cycle of nidovirus may be essential for the development of new and effective antiviral strategies in the future.

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