Nrf2 Signaling Pathway As a Key to Treatment for Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Jun 19

PMID 38892018

Authors

Michelle Yi

Arvin John Toribio

Yusuf Muhammad Salem

Michael Alexander

Antoney Ferrey

Lourdes Swentek

Ekamol Tantisattamo

Hirohito Ichii

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder that affects more than 20 million people in the United States. DM-related complications affect multiple organ systems and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among people with DM. Of the numerous acute and chronic complications, atherosclerosis due to diabetic dyslipidemia is a condition that can lead to many life-threatening diseases, such as stroke, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. The nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is an emerging antioxidative pathway and a promising target for the treatment of DM and its complications. This review aims to explore the Nrf2 pathway's role in combating diabetic dyslipidemia. We will explore risk factors for diabetic dyslipidemia at a cellular level and aim to elucidate how the Nrf2 pathway becomes a potential therapeutic target for DM-related atherosclerosis.

References

Iuliano L, Mauriello A, Sbarigia E, Spagnoli L, Violi F . Radiolabeled native low-density lipoprotein injected into patients with carotid stenosis accumulates in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaque : effect of vitamin E supplementation. Circulation. 2000; 101(11):1249-54. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.11.1249. View

Goldberg I . Clinical review 124: Diabetic dyslipidemia: causes and consequences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86(3):965-71. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.3.7304. View

Welty F, Lichtenstein A, Barrett P, Dolnikowski G, Schaefer E . Human apolipoprotein (Apo) B-48 and ApoB-100 kinetics with stable isotopes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999; 19(12):2966-74. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.19.12.2966. View

Lewis J, Jadoul M, Block G, Chin M, Ferguson D, Goldsberry A . Effects of Bardoxolone Methyl on Hepatic Enzymes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Stage 4 CKD. Clin Transl Sci. 2020; 14(1):299-309. PMC: 7877861. DOI: 10.1111/cts.12868. View

Mazen I, El-Gammal M, Abdel-Hamid M, Amr K . A novel homozygous missense mutation of the leptin gene (N103K) in an obese Egyptian patient. Mol Genet Metab. 2009; 97(4):305-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2009.04.002. View

Wang C, McConathy W, Kloer H, Alaupovic P . Modulation of lipoprotein lipase activity by apolipoproteins. Effect of apolipoprotein C-III. J Clin Invest. 1985; 75(2):384-90. PMC: 423500. DOI: 10.1172/JCI111711. View

Yen F, Mann C, Guermani L, Hannouche N, Hubert N, Hornick C . Identification of a lipolysis-stimulated receptor that is distinct from the LDL receptor and the LDL receptor-related protein. Biochemistry. 1994; 33(5):1172-80. DOI: 10.1021/bi00171a017. View

Amor A, Castelblanco E, Hernandez M, Gimenez M, Granado-Casas M, Blanco J . Advanced lipoprotein profile disturbances in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a focus on LDL particles. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020; 19(1):126. PMC: 7416413. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01099-0. View

Tossetta G, Fantone S, Marzioni D, Mazzucchelli R . Cellular Modulators of the NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling Pathway in Prostate Cancer. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2023; 28(7):143. DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2807143. View

10.

Rosato E, Vemulapalli P, Lang C, Lanza-Jacoby S . Insulin stimulates lipoprotein lipase activity and synthesis in adipocytes from septic rats. J Surg Res. 1998; 73(1):73-9. DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1997.5199. View

11.

Qi Y, Liu J, Wang W, Wang M, Zhao F, Sun J . High sdLDL Cholesterol can be Used to Reclassify Individuals with Low Cardiovascular Risk for Early Intervention: Findings from the Chinese Multi-Provincial Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2019; 27(7):695-710. PMC: 7406409. DOI: 10.5551/jat.49841. View

12.

Kwon E, Kang M, Ryu H, Lee S, Lee J, Lee M . Acacetin enhances glucose uptake through insulin-independent GLUT4 translocation in L6 myotubes. Phytomedicine. 2020; 68:153178. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153178. View

13.

Taskinen M, NIKKILA E . Lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in insulin-deficient human diabetes. Relation to high-density and very-low-density lipoproteins and response to treatment. Diabetologia. 1979; 17(6):351-6. DOI: 10.1007/BF01236268. View

14.

Sugase T, Takahashi T, Serada S, Fujimoto M, Ohkawara T, Hiramatsu K . Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor overexpression is a novel predictor of poor clinical prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2018; 9(68):32917-32928. PMC: 6152476. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25952. View

15.

Hong J, Zhang Y, Lai S, Lv A, Su Q, Dong Y . Effects of metformin versus glipizide on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Diabetes Care. 2012; 36(5):1304-11. PMC: 3631843. DOI: 10.2337/dc12-0719. View

16.

Lewis G, Murdoch S, Uffelman K, Naples M, Szeto L, Albers A . Hepatic lipase mRNA, protein, and plasma enzyme activity is increased in the insulin-resistant, fructose-fed Syrian golden hamster and is partially normalized by the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone. Diabetes. 2004; 53(11):2893-900. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.53.11.2893. View

17.

Whitacre B, Howles P, Street S, Morris J, Swertfeger D, Davidson W . Apolipoprotein E content of VLDL limits LPL-mediated triglyceride hydrolysis. J Lipid Res. 2021; 63(1):100157. PMC: 8953696. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100157. View

18.

Pavlic M, Valero R, Duez H, Xiao C, Szeto L, Patterson B . Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein C-III production is stimulated by plasma free fatty acids in humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008; 28(9):1660-5. PMC: 3750732. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.169383. View

19.

Tan S, Sharma A, Stefanovic N, Yuen D, Karagiannis T, Meyer C . Derivative of bardoxolone methyl, dh404, in an inverse dose-dependent manner lessens diabetes-associated atherosclerosis and improves diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes. 2014; 63(9):3091-103. DOI: 10.2337/db13-1743. View

20.

Bronczek G, Vettorazzi J, Soares G, Kurauti M, Santos C, Bonfim M . The Bile Acid TUDCA Improves Beta-Cell Mass and Reduces Insulin Degradation in Mice With Early-Stage of Type-1 Diabetes. Front Physiol. 2019; 10:561. PMC: 6529580. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00561. View