Insight from Expression Profiles of Orthologs in Plants: Conserved Photoperiodic Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms

Overview

Journal Front Plant Sci

Date 2024 Jun 18

PMID 38887456

Authors

Nayoung Lee

Jae Sung Shim

Min-Kyoung Kang

Moonhyuk Kwon

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Floral transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stages is precisely regulated by both environmental and endogenous signals. Among these signals, photoperiod is one of the most important environmental factors for onset of flowering. A florigen, () in , has thought to be a major hub in the photoperiod-dependent flowering time regulation. Expression levels of likely correlates with potence of flowering. Under long days (LD), is mainly synthesized in leaves, and FT protein moves to shoot apical meristem (SAM) where it functions and in turns induces flowering. Recently, it has been reported that grown under natural LD condition flowers earlier than that grown under laboratory LD condition, in which a red (R)/far-red (FR) ratio of light sources determines expression levels. Additionally, expression profile changes in response to combinatorial effects of FR light and photoperiod. FT orthologs exist in most of plants and functions are thought to be conserved. Although molecular mechanisms underlying photoperiodic transcriptional regulation of orthologs have been studied in several plants, such as rice, however, dynamics in expression profiles of orthologs have been less spotlighted. This review aims to revisit previously reported but overlooked expression information of orthologs from various plant species and classify these genes depending on the expression profiles. Plants, in general, could be classified into three groups depending on their photoperiodic flowering responses. Thus, we discuss relationship between photoperiodic responsiveness and expression of orthologs. Additionally, we also highlight the expression profiles of orthologs depending on their activities in flowering. Comparative analyses of diverse plant species will help to gain insight into molecular mechanisms for flowering in nature, and this can be utilized in the future for crop engineering to improve yield by controlling flowering time.

Citing Articles

Modeling Floral Induction in the Narrow-Leafed Lupin Under Different Environmental Conditions.

Duk M, Gursky V, Bankin M, Semenova E, Gurkina M, Golubkova E Plants (Basel). 2025; 13(24.

PMID: 39771246 PMC: 11678331. DOI: 10.3390/plants13243548.

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