Ethnobotanical Survey and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of HIV/AIDS in Eastern Uganda

Overview

Journal Heliyon

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2024 Jun 7

PMID 38845918

Authors

Richard Oriko Owor

Carol Kawuma

Gauden Nantale

Kenedy Kiyimba

Samuel Baker Obakiro

Simple Ouma

Jalia Lulenzi

Yahaya Gavamukulya

Mercy Chebijira

Tonny Wotoyitide Lukwago

Moses Egor

Peter Musagala

Moses Andima

Dan Kibuule

Paul Waako

Joseph Hokello

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Currently, highly active antiretroviral therapy is unable to cure HIV/AIDS because of HIV latency. This study aimed at documenting medicinal plants used in the management of HIV/AIDS in Eastern Uganda so as to identify phytochemicals with HIV latency reversing potential. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted across eight districts in Eastern Uganda. Traditional medicine practitioners were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests were respectively, performed to determine the presence and quantity of phytochemicals in frequently mentioned plant species. Data were analysed and presented using descriptive statistics and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Twenty-one plant species from fourteen plant families were reported to be used in the management of HIV/AIDS. Six plant species with the highest frequency of mention were: , , , , and . Qualitative phytochemical analysis of all the six most frequently mentioned plant species revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenolics. Quantitative analysis revealed the highest content of flavonoids in (20.4 mg/g of dry extract) while the lowest content was determined in (7.1 mg/g of dry extract). On the other hand, the highest content of tannins was observed in . (199.9 mg/g of dry extract) while the lowest content was found in . (42.6 mg/g of dry extract). Medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners in Eastern Uganda to manage HIV/AIDS are rich in phytochemicals including flavonoids and tannins. Further studies to evaluate the HIV-1 latency reversing ability of these phytochemicals are recommended to discover novel molecules against HIV/AIDS.

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