Historic Dog Furs Unravel the Origin and Artificial Selection of Modern Nordic Lapphund and Elkhound Dog Breeds

Overview

Journal Mol Biol Evol

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 Jun 6

PMID 38842255

Authors

Shi-Zhi Wang

Yu Yan

Malin Widlund

Chen-Chang Qian

Liang-Liang Zhang

Shao-Jie Zhang

Zi-Mai Li

Peng Cao

Qing-Yan Dai

Xiao-Tian Feng

Feng Liu

Lu Wang

Chao Gao

Qiao-Mei Fu

Marjo K Hytonen

Hannes Lohi

Peter Savolainen

Guo-Dong Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The origins and extreme morphological evolution of the modern dog breeds are poorly studied because the founder populations are extinct. Here, we analyse eight 100 to 200 years old dog fur samples obtained from traditional North Swedish clothing, to explore the origin and artificial selection of the modern Nordic Lapphund and Elkhound dog breeds. Population genomic analysis confirmed the Lapphund and Elkhound breeds to originate from the local dog population, and showed a distinct decrease in genetic diversity in agreement with intense breeding. We identified eleven genes under positive selection during the breed development. In particular, the MSRB3 gene, associated with breed-related ear morphology, was selected in all Lapphund and Elkhound breeds, and functional assays showed that a SNP mutation in the 3'UTR region suppresses its expression through miRNA regulation. Our findings demonstrate analysis of near-modern dog artifacts as an effective tool for interpreting the origin and artificial selection of the modern dog breeds.

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