» Articles » PMID: 38839462

Association of Family Support With Lower Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia Among Cognitively Impaired Older Adults

Overview
Publisher Elsevier
Specialty Geriatrics
Date 2024 Jun 5
PMID 38839462
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Objectives: Cognitive impairment poses considerable challenges among older adults, with the role of family support becoming increasingly crucial. This study examines the association of children's residential proximity and spousal presence with key modifiable risk factors for dementia in cognitively impaired older adults.

Methods: We analyzed 14,600 individuals (35,165 observations) aged 50 and older with cognitive impairment from the Health and Retirement Study (1995-2018). Family support was categorized by spousal presence and children's residential proximity. Modifiable risk factors, including smoking, depressive symptoms, and social isolation, were assessed. Associations between family support and the modifiable risk factors were determined using mixed-effects logistic regressions.

Results: A significant proportion of older adults with cognitive impairment lacked access to family support, with either no spouse (46.9%) or all children living over 10 miles away (25.3%). Those with less available family support, characterized by distant-residing children and the absence of a spouse, had a significantly higher percentage of smoking, depressive symptoms, and social isolation. Moreover, we revealed a consistent gradient in the percentage of the risk factors by the degree of family support. Relative to older adults with a spouse and co-resident children, those without a spouse and with all children residing further than 10 miles displayed the highest percentage of the risk factors. These findings were robust to various sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions: Family support from spouses and nearby children serves as a protective factor against modifiable dementia risk factors in cognitively impaired older adults. Policies that strengthen family and social support may benefit this population.

Citing Articles

Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes.

Lin Z, Wang Y, Gill T, Chen X JAMA Netw Open. 2025; 8(1):e2452713.

PMID: 39752159 PMC: 11699536. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.52713.

References
1.
Byers A, Yaffe K . Depression and risk of developing dementia. Nat Rev Neurol. 2011; 7(6):323-31. PMC: 3327554. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.60. View

2.
Steptoe A, Shankar A, Demakakos P, Wardle J . Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013; 110(15):5797-801. PMC: 3625264. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219686110. View

3.
Zhou Z, Mao F, Ma J, Hao S, Qian Z, Elder K . A Longitudinal Analysis of the Association Between Living Arrangements and Health Among Older Adults in China. Res Aging. 2016; 40(1):72-97. DOI: 10.1177/0164027516680854. View

4.
Qian Y, Chen X, Tang D, Kelley A, Li J . Prevalence of Memory-Related Diagnoses Among U.S. Older Adults With Early Symptoms of Cognitive Impairment. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021; 76(10):1846-1853. PMC: 8436977. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab043. View

5.
Schoeni R, Cho T, Choi H . Close enough? Adult child-to-parent caregiving and residential proximity. Soc Sci Med. 2021; 292:114627. PMC: 8806164. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114627. View