Effects of HIIT Training and HIIT Combined with Circuit Resistance Training on Measures of Physical Fitness, MiRNA Expression, and Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight/obese Middle-aged Women

Overview

Journal BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2024 May 29

PMID 38812051

Authors

Zhaleh Pashaei

Abbas Malandish

Shahriar Alipour

Afshar Jafari

Ismail Laher

Anthony C Hackney

Katsuhiko Suzuki

Urs Granacher

Ayoub Saeidi

Hassane Zouhal

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and HIIT combined with circuit resistance training (HCRT) on selected measures of physical fitness, the expression of miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and - 155 as well as metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and insulin resistance in middle-aged overweight/obese women.

Methods: Twenty-seven overweight/obese women aged 35-50 yrs. were randomized to HIIT (n = 14) or HCRT (n = 13) groups. The HIIT group performed running exercises (5 reps x 4 min per session) with active recovery between repetitions for 10 weeks with 5 weekly sessions. The HCRT group performed 10 weeks of HIIT and resistance training with 3 weekly HIIT sessions and 2 weekly HCRT sessions. Anthropometric measures (e.g., body mass), selected components of physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength), levels of miRNAs (miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and - 155), lipid profiles (total cholesterol; TC, Triglycerides; TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C), and insulin resistance; HOMA-IR index, were measured at baseline and week 10.

Results: An ANOVA analysis indicated no significant group by time interactions (p > 0.05) for all anthropometric measures, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO). A significant group by time interaction, however, was found for the one-repetition maximum (IRM; p < 0.001, ES= 0.751 , moderate). A post-hoc test indicated an increase in the pre-to-post mean 1RM for HCRT (p = 0.001, ES = 1.83, large). There was a significant group by time interaction for miR-155 (p = 0.05, ES = 0.014, trivial). Levels for miR-155 underwent pre-to-post HIIT increases (p = 0.045, ES = 1.232, large). Moreover, there were also significant group by time interactions for TC (p = 0.035, ES = 0.187, trivial), TG (p < 0.001, ES = 0.586, small), LDL-C (p = 0.029, ES = 0.200, small) and HDL-C (p = 0.009, ES = 0.273, small). Post-hoc tests indicated pre-post HCRT decreases for TC (p = 0.001, ES = 1.44, large) and HDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 1.407, large). HIIT caused pre-to-post decreases in TG (p = 0.001, ES = 0.599, small), and LDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 0.926, moderate).

Conclusions: Both training regimes did not improve cardiovascular fitness. But, HCRT improved lower/upper limb muscle strength, and HIIT resulted in an increase in miR-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, HIIT and HCRT each improved selected metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and glucose and insulin metabolism in overweight/obese middle-aged women.

Trial Registration: OSF, October, 4th 2023. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UZ92E . osf.io/tc5ky . "Retrospectively registered".

References

Attia R, Sharma P, Janssen R, Friedman J, Deng X, Lee J . Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta). J Biol Chem. 2011; 286(27):23799-807. PMC: 3129161. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M111.246389. View

Cuff D, Meneilly G, Martin A, Ignaszewski A, Tildesley H, Frohlich J . Effective exercise modality to reduce insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26(11):2977-82. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977. View

Clausen T . Regulatory role of translocation of Na+-K+ pumps in skeletal muscle: hypothesis or reality?. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 295(3):E727-8. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.90494.2008. View

Ouerghi N, Fradj M, Bezrati I, Feki M, Kaabachi N, Bouassida A . Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Omentin-1 Concentration in Overweight/Obese and Normal-Weight Youth. Obes Facts. 2017; 10(4):323-331. PMC: 5644954. DOI: 10.1159/000471882. View

Jeong J, Jeoung N, Park K, Lee I . Transcriptional regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Diabetes Metab J. 2012; 36(5):328-35. PMC: 3486978. DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2012.36.5.328. View

Lionett S, Kiel I, Camera D, Vanky E, Parr E, Lydersen S . Circulating and Adipose Tissue miRNAs in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training. Front Physiol. 2020; 11:904. PMC: 7406716. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00904. View

Malandish A, Tartibian B, Sheikhlou Z, Afsargharehbagh R, Rahmati M . The effects of short-term moderate intensity aerobic exercise and long-term detraining on electrocardiogram indices and cardiac biomarkers in postmenopausal women. J Electrocardiol. 2020; 60:15-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.03.004. View

Silva G, Bye A, Azzouzi H, Wisloff U . MicroRNAs as Important Regulators of Exercise Adaptation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2017; 60(1):130-151. DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2017.06.003. View

Ghareghani P, Shanaki M, Ahmadi S, Khoshdel A, Rezvan N, Meshkani R . Aerobic endurance training improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) features via miR-33 dependent autophagy induction in high fat diet fed mice. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2017; 12(Suppl 2):80-89. DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2017.01.004. View

10.

Deiuliis J . MicroRNAs as regulators of metabolic disease: pathophysiologic significance and emerging role as biomarkers and therapeutics. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015; 40(1):88-101. PMC: 4722234. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.170. View

11.

Ramirez-Velez R, Hernandez A, Castro K, Tordecilla-Sanders A, Gonzalez-Ruiz K, Correa-Bautista J . High Intensity Interval- vs Resistance or Combined- Training for Improving Cardiometabolic Health in Overweight Adults (Cardiometabolic HIIT-RT Study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2016; 17(1):298. PMC: 4919882. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1422-1. View

12.

Radom-Aizik S, Zaldivar Jr F, Oliver S, Galassetti P, Cooper D . Evidence for microRNA involvement in exercise-associated neutrophil gene expression changes. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010; 109(1):252-61. PMC: 2904199. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01291.2009. View

13.

Lv X, Yao L, Zhang J, Han P, Li C . Inhibition of microRNA-155 sensitizes lung cancer cells to irradiation via suppression of HK2-modulated glucose metabolism. Mol Med Rep. 2016; 14(2):1332-8. DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5394. View

14.

Agha M, Agha R . The rising prevalence of obesity: part A: impact on public health. Int J Surg Oncol (N Y). 2017; 2(7):e17. PMC: 5673154. DOI: 10.1097/IJ9.0000000000000017. View

15.

Zhu M, Wei Y, Geissler C, Abschlag K, Corbalan Campos J, Hristov M . Hyperlipidemia-Induced MicroRNA-155-5p Improves β-Cell Function by Targeting . Diabetes. 2017; 66(12):3072-3084. DOI: 10.2337/db17-0313. View

16.

Kessler H, Sisson S, Short K . The potential for high-intensity interval training to reduce cardiometabolic disease risk. Sports Med. 2012; 42(6):489-509. DOI: 10.2165/11630910-000000000-00000. View

17.

McCormack S, McCarthy M, Harrington S, Farilla L, Hrovat M, Systrom D . Effects of exercise and lifestyle modification on fitness, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle oxidative phosphorylation and intramyocellular lipid content in obese children and adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2013; 9(4):281-91. PMC: 3808470. DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00180.x. View

18.

Zhou Q, Shi C, Lv Y, Zhao C, Jiao Z, Wang T . Circulating microRNAs in Response to Exercise Training in Healthy Adults. Front Genet. 2020; 11:256. PMC: 7093586. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00256. View

19.

Brozek J, Grande F, Anderson J, Keys A . DENSITOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BODY COMPOSITION: REVISION OF SOME QUANTITATIVE ASSUMPTIONS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1963; 110:113-40. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb17079.x. View

20.

Zhang Y, Sun X, Icli B, Feinberg M . Emerging Roles for MicroRNAs in Diabetic Microvascular Disease: Novel Targets for Therapy. Endocr Rev. 2017; 38(2):145-168. PMC: 5460677. DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1122. View