The Role of Obesity in the Etiology and Carcinogenesis of Endometrial Cancer

Overview

Journal Cureus

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 May 29

PMID 38807790

Authors

Alina-Gabriela Marin

Alexandru Filipescu

Aida Petca

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Endometrial cancer, the most common gynecological malignancy, presents a complex public health challenge. While its incidence rises alongside the obesity epidemic, a well-established risk factor for endometrial cancer development, the impact of obesity on survival after diagnosis remains unclear. This review aims to explore the complex relationship between obesity and endometrial cancer's development and survival rates, examining evidence from both epidemiological and clinical studies. It also aims to explore the proposed biological mechanisms by which excess adipose tissue promotes carcinogenesis and contributes to endometrial cancer progression and its negative effects on treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we analyzed the impact of body mass index, inflammation, hormonal imbalances, and their potential effects on endometrial cancer survival rates.

Citing Articles

Endometrial cancer detected unusually after an ankle fracture secondary to severe anemia in an obese woman with heavy menstrual bleeding: A case report.

Yoon H, Go T, Kim K, Song Y, Suh D, Kim K Mol Clin Oncol. 2024; 22(1):7.

PMID: 39583929 PMC: 11582521. DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2802.

References

Socha M, Malinowski B, Puk O, Wartega M, Bernard P, Nowaczyk M . C-reactive protein as a diagnostic and prognostic factor of endometrial cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2021; 164:103419. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103419. View

Jenabi E, Poorolajal J . The effect of body mass index on endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis. Public Health. 2015; 129(7):872-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.04.017. View

Schulze M, Hoffmann K, Manson J, Willett W, Meigs J, Weikert C . Dietary pattern, inflammation, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82(3):675-84. PMC: 2563043. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn.82.3.675. View

Purdie D, Green A . Epidemiology of endometrial cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2001; 15(3):341-54. DOI: 10.1053/beog.2000.0180. View

Smith A, Sheridan P, Harp J, Beck M . Diet-induced obese mice have increased mortality and altered immune responses when infected with influenza virus. J Nutr. 2007; 137(5):1236-43. DOI: 10.1093/jn/137.5.1236. View

Poole E, Lee I, Ridker P, Buring J, Hankinson S, Tworoger S . A prospective study of circulating C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 levels and risk of ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 2013; 178(8):1256-64. PMC: 3792725. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt098. View

Henry B, Clarke I . Adipose tissue hormones and the regulation of food intake. J Neuroendocrinol. 2008; 20(6):842-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.1730.x. View

Yang J, Li B, He Q . Significance of prohibitin domain family in tumorigenesis and its implication in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cell Death Dis. 2018; 9(6):580. PMC: 5962566. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0661-3. View

Heikkila K, Ebrahim S, Rumley A, Lowe G, Lawlor D . Associations of circulating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with survival in women with and without cancer: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007; 16(6):1155-9. DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0093. View

10.

Oh D, Olefsky J . Omega 3 fatty acids and GPR120. Cell Metab. 2012; 15(5):564-5. PMC: 3803996. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.009. View

11.

Ron D, Walter P . Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007; 8(7):519-29. DOI: 10.1038/nrm2199. View

12.

Kokts-Porietis R, McNeil J, Morielli A, Cook L, Courneya K, Friedenreich C . Prospective Cohort Study of Pre- and Postdiagnosis Obesity and Endometrial Cancer Survival. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021; 114(3):409-418. PMC: 8902344. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab197. View

13.

Gerriets V, MacIver N . Role of T cells in malnutrition and obesity. Front Immunol. 2014; 5:379. PMC: 4127479. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00379. View

14.

Hosogai N, Fukuhara A, Oshima K, Miyata Y, Tanaka S, Segawa K . Adipose tissue hypoxia in obesity and its impact on adipocytokine dysregulation. Diabetes. 2007; 56(4):901-11. DOI: 10.2337/db06-0911. View

15.

Lundin E, Dossus L, Clendenen T, Krogh V, Grankvist K, Wulff M . C-reactive protein and ovarian cancer: a prospective study nested in three cohorts (Sweden, USA, Italy). Cancer Causes Control. 2009; 20(7):1151-9. PMC: 2980286. DOI: 10.1007/s10552-009-9330-2. View

16.

Hotamisligil G . Inflammation and metabolic disorders. Nature. 2006; 444(7121):860-7. DOI: 10.1038/nature05485. View

17.

Setiawan V, Yang H, Pike M, McCann S, Yu H, Xiang Y . Type I and II endometrial cancers: have they different risk factors?. J Clin Oncol. 2013; 31(20):2607-18. PMC: 3699726. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2012.48.2596. View

18.

Bokhman J . Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1983; 15(1):10-7. DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(83)90111-7. View

19.

Friedenreich C, Derksen J, Speidel T, Brenner D, Heer E, Courneya K . Case-control study of endogenous sex steroid hormones and risk of endometrial cancer. Cancer Causes Control. 2019; 31(2):161-171. DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01260-5. View

20.

Kodama J, Miyagi Y, Seki N, Tokumo K, Yoshinouchi M, Kobashi Y . Serum C-reactive protein as a prognostic factor in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1999; 82(1):107-10. DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(98)00227-9. View