White Spot Lesions in Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Research Perspectives

Overview

Journal J Orthod Sci

Date 2024 May 24

PMID 38784071

Authors

Suma Shankarappa

Jerusha Titus Burk

Pradeep Subbaiah

Raghunath Nagasundara Rao

Vidya Gowdappa Doddawad

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

White spot lesions (WSLs) refer to localized areas of hypo-mineralization limited to the enamel of the teeth surface, which is noticeable clinically to the naked eye on drying of the teeth. During fixed orthodontic treatment, it is very hard for the patient to maintain excellent oral hygiene as the brackets, bands, wires, elastics, and other appliances and attachments worn intra-orally provide a platform for food retention, plaque formation, and then colonization by acidogenic bacteria like and . This review aims to elaborate and focus on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment aspect, and future scope for research about the WSLs occurring due to fixed orthodontic treatment.

Citing Articles

Iatrogenic Enamel Lesions with Fixed Multi-bracket Treatment.

Kumar M, Kumari S, Guntipally S, Chhabra A, Kumar A, Kumar R J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2025; 16(Suppl 4):S4068-S4070.

PMID: 39926862 PMC: 11805071. DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1363_24.

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