Hospitalization Determinants in Patients with Mpox Disease: The CEME-22 Project

Objectives: This sub-analysis seeks to delineate and characterize factors influencing hospitalization in individuals diagnosed with Mpox disease amidst the initial outbreak in Spain in the onset of 2022.

Methods: Employing a non-probabilistic convenience sampling approach, a retrospective multicenter investigation was carried out to examine Monkeypox virus infection within Spanish healthcare facilities.

Results: The median duration of the disease was 16 days, with 4.2 % of cases resulting in hospitalization. There was a single ICU admission leading to fatality. Sequelae were observed in 2.3 % of cases. Multivariate analysis revealed that hospitalization decisions were influenced by immunosuppression and severe symptoms, including gastrointestinal, neurological, ear-nose-throat, and respiratory manifestations. Significant analytical parameter differences were restricted to hemoglobin levels at diagnosis.

Conclusions: This study elucidates factors influencing hospitalization decisions for Monkeypox patients in Spain, emphasizing the importance of immunosuppression and extracutaneous symptoms involving the gastrointestinal, ear-nose-throat, and respiratory pathways. In summary, hospitalization determinations arise from the interplay of these crucial dimensions.