Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Xanthorrhizol from Roxb. Rhizomes by Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization, Antioxidant Activity, and Toxicity Profiles

Overview

Journal Molecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 May 11

PMID 38731583

Authors

Adelina Simamora

Kris Herawan Timotius

Heri Setiawan

Febrina Amelia Saputri

Chinthia Rahadi Putri

Dewi Aryani

Ratih Asmana Ningrum

Abdul Munim

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Xanthorrhizol, an important marker of , has been recognized for its different pharmacological activities. A green strategy for selective xanthorrhizol extraction is required. Herein, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) based on glucose and organic acids (lactic acid, malic acid, and citric acid) were screened for the extraction of xanthorrhizol from . Ultrasound-assisted extraction using glucose/lactic acid (1:3) (GluLA) gave the best yield of xanthorrhizol. The response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize the interacting variables of water content, solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio, and extraction to optimize the extraction. The optimum conditions of 30% water content in GluLA, 1/15 g/mL (S/L), and a 20 min extraction time yielded selective xanthorrhizol extraction (17.62 mg/g) over curcuminoids (6.64 mg/g). This study indicates the protective effect of GluLA and GluLA extracts against oxidation-induced DNA damage, which was comparable with those obtained for ethanol extract. In addition, the stability of the xanthorrhizol extract over 90 days was revealed when stored at -20 and 4 °C. The FTIR and NMR spectra confirmed the hydrogen bond formation in GluLA. Our study reported, for the first time, the feasibility of using glucose/lactic acid (1:3, 30% water /) for the sustainable extraction of xanthorrhizol.

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