Preliminary Screening for the Anthelmintic Activity of Harms and Its Modifying Effect on Albendazole

Overview

Journal J Parasitol Res

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Parasitology

Date 2024 May 10

PMID 38725799

Authors

Michael Asah Asiamah

Theresa Appiah Agana

Yaw Duah Boakye

Christian Agyare

Francis Adu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Helminthic infections affect a greater proportion of the world's population. This study determined the anthelmintic activity of and its modifying effect on albendazole. Powdered leaves of were successively extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The anthelmintic potential of the leaf extracts and the modifying effects of the extracts on albendazole were determined on . Phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses were performed to determine the chemical composition of each extract. The plant extracts of had few or all phytoconstituents such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, phytosterols, and alkaloids present. The IC obtained for albendazole, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts for paralysis time were 0.936, 1.722, 1.283, and 1.348 mg/mL, respectively. The IC obtained for albendazole and the ethanol extract for death time were 4.638 and 4.988 mg/mL. The ethanol extract at 10 and 5 mg/mL caused death in the worms after 152.5 ± 8.66 minutes and 304.8 ± 7.27 minutes of exposure, respectively. Ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts of significantly modified the activity of albendazole at concentrations of 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL ( < 0.0001). The ethanol extract which exhibited the best anthelminthic activity was fractionated through column chromatography, and five (5) fractions were obtained. Fractions 1, 2, 4, and 5 had the best paralytic activities against the worms. Fractions 1 and 2 demonstrated better helminthicidal activity than albendazole, which had an IC of 3.915. The GC-MS analysis of the ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts showed the presence of 10, 10, and 37 compounds, respectively, with 9-octadecenamide, (Z)-, n-hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, and some aromatic compounds being the most predominant. The results obtained indicate that leaf extract possesses anthelmintic activity.

References

Agyare C, Asase A, Lechtenberg M, Niehues M, Deters A, Hensel A . An ethnopharmacological survey and in vitro confirmation of ethnopharmacological use of medicinal plants used for wound healing in Bosomtwi-Atwima-Kwanwoma area, Ghana. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 125(3):393-403. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.024. View

Lalthanpuii P, Lalchhandama K . Phytochemical analysis and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Imperata cylindrica underground parts. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020; 20(1):332. PMC: 7648271. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03125-w. View

Swargiary A, Daimari A, Daimari M, Basumatary N, Narzary E . Phytochemicals, antioxidant, and anthelmintic activity of selected traditional wild edible plants of lower Assam. Indian J Pharmacol. 2016; 48(4):418-423. PMC: 4980931. DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.186212. View

Osei F, Stein A . Spatio-temporal analysis of small-area intestinal parasites infections in Ghana. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1):12217. PMC: 5610349. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12397-1. View

Sikandar A, Zhang M, Wang Y, Zhu X, Liu X, Fan H . Mycochemical Screening and Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, and Biochemical Composition of Fermentation Strain Snef1216 (). J Anal Methods Chem. 2020; 2020:3073906. PMC: 7149326. DOI: 10.1155/2020/3073906. View

Abubakar A, Haque M . Preparation of Medicinal Plants: Basic Extraction and Fractionation Procedures for Experimental Purposes. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020; 12(1):1-10. PMC: 7398001. DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_175_19. View

Ahiadorme M, Morhe E . Soil transmitted helminth infections in Ghana: a ten year review. Pan Afr Med J. 2020; 35:131. PMC: 7335259. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.131.21069. View

Keiser J, Utzinger J . Efficacy of current drugs against soil-transmitted helminth infections: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008; 299(16):1937-48. DOI: 10.1001/jama.299.16.1937. View

Das S, Dey M, Ghosh A . Determination of anthelmintic activity of the leaf and bark extract of tamarindus indica linn. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2011; 73(1):104-7. PMC: 3224400. DOI: 10.4103/0250-474X.89768. View

10.

Tagoe M, Boakye Y, Agana T, Boamah V, Agyare C . Anthelmintic Activity of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract of (Guill. & Perr.) Benth. J Parasitol Res. 2021; 2021:6690869. PMC: 8100413. DOI: 10.1155/2021/6690869. View

11.

Wahab Obeng A, Boakye Y, Agana T, Djameh G, Boamah D, Adu F . Anti-trypanosomal and anthelminthic properties of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. Vet Parasitol. 2021; 294:109449. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109449. View

12.

Liu M, Panda S, Luyten W . Plant-Based Natural Products for the Discovery and Development of Novel Anthelmintics against Nematodes. Biomolecules. 2020; 10(3). PMC: 7175113. DOI: 10.3390/biom10030426. View

13.

Mouafo H, Tchuenchieu A, Wandji Nguedjo M, Edoun F, Tchuente B, Medoua G . antimicrobial activity of De Wild and Banks ex C. F. Gaertn on selected foodborne pathogens associated to gastroenteritis. Heliyon. 2021; 7(4):e06830. PMC: 8082555. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06830. View

14.

Murugamani V, Raju L, Anand Raj V, Kataki M, Girija Sankar G . The new method developed for evaluation of anthelmintic activity by housefly worms and compared with conventional earthworm method. ISRN Pharmacol. 2012; 2012:709860. PMC: 3316991. DOI: 10.5402/2012/709860. View