Enhancement of Selectivity, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Level, Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Reproductive Performance in Gilts and Primiparous Sows Using 14-epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3

Overview

Journal Vet Anim Sci

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2024 May 3

PMID 38699218

Authors

Prester C John Okafor

Nattanit Jimongkolkul

Anchalee Khongpradit

Wunwinee Ahiwichai

Nitipong Homwong

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Selecting breed-worthy gilts as sow replacements is essential for continuity of pig production cycle. Though vitamin D3 (VD3) is known to enhance reproductive performance of multiparous sows, there is still a knowledge gap on its impact in developing gilts and primiparous sows. This study was aimed to quantify plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and examine the reproductive performance of primiparous sows fed diets supplemented with regular VD3, and its 25(OH)D3 epimers. The study sample comprised 10-week-old replacement gilts (50 % x 50 % = 180) assigned in a randomized complete block design to three treatments [2,000 IU/kg of VD3 (T1), 25 µg/kg of 14‑epi-25(OH)D3, half dose (T2), and 50 µg/kg of 25(OH)D3 (T3)] equilibrated to 2,000 IU/kg in base diets. Selections occurred at 22, 27 and 35 weeks of age, respectively. Plasma 25(OH)D3, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone structure and reproductive performance were analyzed. Dietary treatments influenced carpus ( = 0.023), fore view stance ( = 0.017), infantile vulva ( = 0.014), inverted ( = 0.048), and prominent teat ( < 0.001). Post-partum 25(OH)D3 concentration and ALP activity were elevated by day 25 ( < 0.001). Treatment diets also influenced total born ( < 0.001), born alive ( = 0.048), and still born ( = 0.049). Two factors affect circulating 25(OH)D3 and ALP activity: physiological changes in sows during lactation, and dietary 25(OH)D3 intake. 14‑epi-25(OH)D3 is a potent metabolite for improving maturation of reproductive organs in developing gilts. It also reduces still birth in primiparous sows.

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