Goal Change and Goal Achievement for Emerging Adults Across the Pilot FAMS-T1D Intervention for Type 1 Diabetes

Overview

Journal Front Clin Diabetes Healthc

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2024 Apr 30

PMID 38685920

Authors

Cynthia A Berg

Jessica H Mansfield

Silas B Boggess

Julia V Martin

Benjamin Creer

Torri K Peck

Deborah J Wiebe

Jonathan E Butner

Lindsay S Mayberry

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Interventions for emerging adults (EAs) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) focus on goal setting, but little is known about how goal achievement relates to intervention outcomes. We examined how goals change, how goal achievement relates to diabetes outcomes, and identified barriers and facilitators to goal achievement.

Method: EAs with T1D (N=29, age=21.6 years, 57% female) were coached monthly to set a behavioral goal across a 3-month feasibility trial. Coaching notes were qualitatively coded regarding type, complexity, and changes in goals. Goal achievement was measured via daily responses to texts. HbA1c, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, and self-care were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Results: EAs frequently set food goals (79%) in combination with other goals. EAs overwhelmingly changed their goals (90%), with most increasing goal complexity. Goal achievement was high (79% of days) and not affected by goal change or goal complexity. Goal achievement was associated with increases in self-efficacy and self-care across time. Qualitative themes revealed that aspects of self-regulation and social-regulation were important for goal achievement.

Conclusion: Meeting daily diabetes goals may enhance self-efficacy and self-care for diabetes.

Practice Implications: Assisting EAs to reduce self-regulation challenges and enhance social support for goals may lead to better diabetes outcomes.

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