Cadmium-Induced Physiological Responses, Biosorption and Bioaccumulation in

Overview

Journal Toxics

Date 2024 Apr 26

PMID 38668485

Authors

Pingping Xu

Xiaojie Tu

Zhengda An

Wujuan Mi

Dong Wan

Yonghong Bi

Gaofei Song

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cadmium ion (Cd) is a highly toxic metal in water, even at low concentrations. Microalgae are a promising material for heavy metal remediation. The present study investigated the effects of Cd on growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities, cell morphology, and Cd adsorption and accumulation capacity of the freshwater green alga . Experiments were conducted by exposing to varying concentrations of Cd for 96 h, assessing its tolerance and removal capacity towards Cd. The results showed that higher concentrations of Cd (>0.5 mg L) reduced pigment content, inhibited algal growth and electron transfer in photosynthesis, and led to morphological changes such as mitochondrial disappearance and chloroplast deformation. In this process, counteracted Cd toxicity by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, accumulating starch and high-density granules, and secreting extracellular polymeric substances. When the initial Cd concentration was less than or equal to 0.5 mg L, was able to efficiently remove over 95% of Cd from the environment through biosorption and bioaccumulation. However, when the initial Cd concentration exceeded 0.5 mg L, the removal efficiency decreased slightly to about 70%, with biosorption accounting for more than 60% of this process, emerging as the predominant mechanism for Cd removal. Fourier transform infrared correlation spectroscopy analysis indicated that the carboxyl and amino groups of the cell wall were the key factors in removing Cd. In conclusion, has considerable potential for the remediation of aquatic environments with Cd, providing algal resources for developing new microalgae-based bioremediation techniques for heavy metals.

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