Overall Review of Curative Impact and Barriers of CAR-T Cells in Osteosarcoma

Overview

Journal EXCLI J

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 Apr 24

PMID 38655095

Authors

Guilin Li

Hong Wang

Vafa Meftahpour

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare form of cancer and primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Current therapies include surgery, chemotherapy, and amputation. Therefore, a new therapeutic strategy is needed to dramatically change cancer treatment. Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) have been of considerable interest as it has provided auspicious results and patients suffering from low side effects after injection that resolve with current therapy. However, there are reports that cytokine release storm (CRS) can be observed in some patients. In addition, as researchers have faced problems that limit and suppress T cells, further studies are required to resolve these problems. In addition, to maximize the therapeutic benefit of CAR-T cell therapy, researchers have suggested that combination therapy could be better used to treat cancer by overcoming any problems and reducing side effects as much as possible. This review summarizes these problems, barriers, and the results of some studies on the evaluation of CAR-T cells in patients with osteosarcoma.

References

Pollak M . The insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptor family in neoplasia: an update. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012; 12(3):159-69. DOI: 10.1038/nrc3215. View

Wang Z, Zhao K, Hackert T, Zoller M . CD44/CD44v6 a Reliable Companion in Cancer-Initiating Cell Maintenance and Tumor Progression. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2018; 6:97. PMC: 6122270. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00097. View

Wagner M, Maki R . Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor targeted therapies in pediatric cancer. Front Oncol. 2013; 3:9. PMC: 3563098. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00009. View

Sotillo E, Barrett D, Black K, Bagashev A, Oldridge D, Wu G . Convergence of Acquired Mutations and Alternative Splicing of CD19 Enables Resistance to CART-19 Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov. 2015; 5(12):1282-95. PMC: 4670800. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-15-1020. View

Brennen W, Isaacs J, Denmeade S . Rationale behind targeting fibroblast activation protein-expressing carcinoma-associated fibroblasts as a novel chemotherapeutic strategy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2012; 11(2):257-66. PMC: 3586189. DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0340. View

Fischer K, Hoffmann P, Voelkl S, Meidenbauer N, Ammer J, Edinger M . Inhibitory effect of tumor cell-derived lactic acid on human T cells. Blood. 2007; 109(9):3812-9. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-07-035972. View

Wrana F, Dotzer K, Prufer M, Werner J, Mayer B . High Dual Expression of the Biomarkers CD44v6/α2β1 and CD44v6/PD-L1 Indicate Early Recurrence after Colorectal Hepatic Metastasectomy. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(8). PMC: 9027562. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081939. View

Wang Z, Wang Z, Li B, Wang S, Chen T, Ye Z . Innate Immune Cells: A Potential and Promising Cell Population for Treating Osteosarcoma. Front Immunol. 2019; 10:1114. PMC: 6531991. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01114. View

Minn I, Rowe S, Pomper M . Enhancing CAR T-cell therapy through cellular imaging and radiotherapy. Lancet Oncol. 2019; 20(8):e443-e451. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30461-9. View

10.

LLOYD K, Old L . Human monoclonal antibodies to glycolipids and other carbohydrate antigens: dissection of the humoral immune response in cancer patients. Cancer Res. 1989; 49(13):3445-51. View

11.

Shibuya H, Hamamura K, Hotta H, Matsumoto Y, Nishida Y, Hattori H . Enhancement of malignant properties of human osteosarcoma cells with disialyl gangliosides GD2/GD3. Cancer Sci. 2012; 103(9):1656-64. PMC: 7659376. DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02344.x. View

12.

Federman N, Chan J, Nagy J, Landaw E, McCabe K, Wu A . Enhanced growth inhibition of osteosarcoma by cytotoxic polymerized liposomal nanoparticles targeting the alcam cell surface receptor. Sarcoma. 2012; 2012:126906. PMC: 3447386. DOI: 10.1155/2012/126906. View

13.

Dobrenkov K, Ostrovnaya I, Gu J, Cheung I, Cheung N . Oncotargets GD2 and GD3 are highly expressed in sarcomas of children, adolescents, and young adults. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016; 63(10):1780-5. PMC: 5215083. DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26097. View

14.

Li W, Pan X, Chen L, Cui H, Mo S, Pan Y . Cell metabolism-based optimization strategy of CAR-T cell function in cancer therapy. Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1186383. PMC: 10278966. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186383. View

15.

Grada Z, Hegde M, Byrd T, Shaffer D, Ghazi A, Brawley V . TanCAR: A Novel Bispecific Chimeric Antigen Receptor for Cancer Immunotherapy. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2013; 2:e105. PMC: 3731887. DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2013.32. View

16.

Li K, Wu H, Pan W, Guo M, Qiu D, He Y . A novel approach for relapsed/refractory FLT3 acute myeloid leukaemia: synergistic effect of the combination of bispecific FLT3scFv/NKG2D-CAR T cells and gilteritinib. Mol Cancer. 2022; 21(1):66. PMC: 8896098. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01541-9. View

17.

Hua H, Kong Q, Yin J, Zhang J, Jiang Y . Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in tumorigenesis and drug resistance: a challenge for cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2020; 13(1):64. PMC: 7268628. DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00904-3. View

18.

Pure E, Blomberg R . Pro-tumorigenic roles of fibroblast activation protein in cancer: back to the basics. Oncogene. 2018; 37(32):4343-4357. PMC: 6092565. DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0275-3. View

19.

Rainusso N, Brawley V, Ghazi A, Hicks M, Gottschalk S, Rosen J . Immunotherapy targeting HER2 with genetically modified T cells eliminates tumor-initiating cells in osteosarcoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2011; 19(3):212-7. DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2011.83. View

20.

Huang X, Park H, Greene J, Pao J, Mulvey E, Zhou S . IGF1R- and ROR1-Specific CAR T Cells as a Potential Therapy for High Risk Sarcomas. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0133152. PMC: 4501840. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133152. View