Microbiota-derived Acetate Attenuates Neuroinflammation in Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Overview

Journal J Neuroinflammation

Publisher Biomed Central

Date 2024 Apr 17

PMID 38632579

Authors

Xiaopeng Yin

Changhao Duan

Lin Zhang

Yufang Zhu

Yueyao Qiu

Kaiyi Shi

Sen Wang

Xiaoguang Zhang

Huaxing Zhang

Yinchao Hao

Fang Yuan

Yanming Tian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Increased neuroinflammation in brain regions regulating sympathetic nerves is associated with hypertension. Emerging evidence from both human and animal studies suggests a link between hypertension and gut microbiota, as well as microbiota-derived metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the precise mechanisms underlying this gut-brain axis remain unclear.

Methods: The levels of microbiota-derived SCFAs in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To observe the effect of acetate on arterial blood pressure (ABP) in rats, sodium acetate was supplemented via drinking water for continuous 7 days. ABP was recorded by radio telemetry. The inflammatory factors, morphology of microglia and astrocytes in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were detected. In addition, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, composition and metabolomics of the gut microbiome, and intestinal pathological manifestations were also measured.

Results: The serum acetate levels in SHRs are lower than in normotensive control rats. Supplementation with acetate reduces ABP, inhibits sympathetic nerve activity in SHRs. Furthermore, acetate suppresses RVLM neuroinflammation in SHRs, increases microglia and astrocyte morphologic complexity, decreases BBB permeability, modulates intestinal flora, increases fecal flora metabolites, and inhibits intestinal fibrosis.

Conclusions: Microbiota-derived acetate exerts antihypertensive effects by modulating microglia and astrocytes and inhibiting neuroinflammation and sympathetic output.

Citing Articles

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine regulating intestinal flora in the treatment of hypertension.

Chen W, Xiao L, Guo W, Li H, Chen R, Duan Z Front Pharmacol. 2024; 15:1449972.

PMID: 39717555 PMC: 11664361. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1449972.

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