Metabolic and Ultrastructural Renal Changes in Adult Wistar Rats Fed by a Cafeteria Diet

Overview

Journal Acta Cir Bras

Specialty General Surgery

Date 2024 Apr 17

PMID 38629653

Authors

Priscila Fernandes Dos Santos

Diogo Benchimol de Souza

Eduardo Jose Lopes Torres

Waldemar Silva Costa

Francisco Jose Barcellos Sampaio

Bianca Martins Gregorio

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate, by quantitative and qualitative methods, the glomerular ultrastructure in Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups at 21 days of age: control (C, n = 10) and cafeteria diet (CAF, n = 8). The animals were followed up until 5 months of age, followed by euthanasia. The blood, kidneys, and fat deposits--epididymal, retroperitoneal, and subcutaneous--were extracted and analyzed. Data were analyzed by Student's t test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The cafeteria diet promoted glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia (p < 0.0001), and deposition of retroperitoneal fat (p < 0.005). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the length of the foot process was similar in both groups. The quantitative analyses by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cafeteria diet reduced the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The intake of lipids and simple carbohydrates were found to be associated with alteration in the glomerular ultrastructure. However, more studies are needed to evaluate not only the effects of high-protein and high-fat diets on components of the glomerular filtration barrier, but also renal physiology.

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