Rationale for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Plus Targeted Therapy for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Overview

Journal Heliyon

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2024 Apr 16

PMID 38623200

Authors

Siwei Yang

Xianrui Yang

Zekai Hou

Liang Zhu

Zhili Yao

Yifei Zhang

Yanzhuo Chen

Jie Teng

Cheng Fang

Songmao Chen

Mingfei Jia

Zhifei Liu

Shaosan Kang

Yegang Chen

Gang Li

Yuanjie Niu

Qiliang Cai

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent urological malignancy characterized by a high rate of metastasis and lethality. The treatment strategy for advanced RCC has moved through multiple iterations over the past three decades. Initially, cytokine treatment was the only systemic treatment option for patients with RCC. With the development of medicine, antiangiogenic agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin and immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged and received several achievements in the therapeutics of advanced RCC. However, ICIs have still not brought completely satisfactory results due to drug resistance and undesirable side effects. For the past years, the interests form researchers have been attracted by the combination of ICIs and targeted therapy for advanced RCC and the angiogenesis and immunogenic tumor microenvironmental variations in RCC. Therefore, we emphasize the potential principle and the clinical progress of ICIs combined with targeted treatment of advanced RCC, and summarize the future direction.

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