Plasma Biomarkers for Predicting the Development of Dementia in a Community-dwelling Older Japanese Population

Overview

Journal Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

Specialties Neurology
Psychiatry

Date 2024 Apr 12

PMID 38606661

Authors

Tomoyuki Ohara

Harutsugu Tatebe

Jun Hata

Takanori Honda

Mao Shibata

Sayo Matsuura

Tatsuya Mikami

Tetsuya Maeda

Kenjiro Ono

Masaru Mimura

Kenji Nakashima

Jun-Ichi Iga

Minoru Takebayashi

Takahiko Tokuda

Toshiharu Ninomiya

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: To assess the association between plasma amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40, phosphorylated tau (p-τ)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or neurofilament light chain (NfL) and the risk of dementia and to determine whether these plasma biomarkers could improve the ability to predict incident dementia in a general older population.

Methods: A total of 1346 Japanese community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years without dementia were followed prospectively for 5.0 years. Plasma biomarkers were quantified using a Simoa HD-X analyzer. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios of each plasma biomarker level for the risk of dementia.

Results: During the follow-up, 151 participants developed dementia, of whom 108 had Alzheimer disease (AD) and 43 non-Alzheimer dementia (non-AD). Lower plasma Aβ42/40 levels and higher plasma p-τ181 levels were significantly associated with developing AD but not non-AD, whereas significant associations were observed between higher plasma levels of GFAP and NfL and risk of both AD and non-AD (all P for trend <0.05). In addition, adding these four plasma biomarkers into a model consisting of the total score of the dementia risk model significantly improved the predictive ability for incident dementia.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that plasma Aβ42/40 and p-τ181 are specific markers of AD, and plasma GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for all-cause dementia in the general Japanese older population. In addition, the measurement of these plasma biomarkers may be a useful and relatively low-invasive procedure for identifying individuals at high risk for developing dementia in clinical practice.

Citing Articles

Blood Biomarkers Reflect Dementia Symptoms and Are Influenced by Cerebrovascular Lesions.

Nakase T, Tatewaki Y, Takano Y, Nomura S, Baek H, Taki Y Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(5).

PMID: 40076944 PMC: 11899992. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052325.

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