Why We Need to Pursue Both Universal and Targeted Prevention to Reduce the Incidence of Affective and Psychotic Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal Neurosci Biobehav Rev

Specialties Neurology
Psychology
Social Sciences

Date 2024 Apr 10

PMID 38599355

Authors

Sebastien Brodeur

Dominic Oliver

Muhammad S Ahmed

Joaquim Radua

Jemma Venables

Yueming Gao

Vincenzo Gigante

Giulia Veneziano

Giulia Vinci

Edward Chesney

Sunil Nandha

Andrea De Micheli

Ilaria Basadonne

Valentina Floris

Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo

Paolo Fusar-Poli

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The effectiveness of universal preventive approaches in reducing the incidence of affective/psychotic disorders is unclear. We therefore aimed to synthesise the available evidence from randomised controlled trials. For studies reporting change in prevalence, we simulated all possible scenarios for the proportion of individuals with the disorder at baseline and at follow-up to exclude them. We then combined these data with studies directly measuring incidence and conducted random effects meta-analysis with relative risk (RR) to estimate the incidence in the intervention group compared to the control group. Eighteen studies (k=21 samples) were included investigating the universal prevention of depression in 66,625 individuals. No studies were available investigating universal prevention on the incidence of bipolar/psychotic disorders. 63 % of simulated scenarios showed a significant preventive effect on reducing the incidence of depression (k=9 - 19, RR=0.75-0.94, 95 %CIs=0.55-0.87,0.93-1.15, p=0.007-0.246) but did not survive sensitivity analyses. There is some limited evidence for the effectiveness of universal interventions for reducing the incidence of depression but not for bipolar/psychotic disorders.

Citing Articles

Exploring causal mechanisms of psychosis risk.

Oliver D, Chesney E, Cullen A, Davies C, Englund A, Gifford G Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024; 162:105699.

PMID: 38710421 PMC: 11250118. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105699.

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